Chapter 26 Flashcards
Amniocentesis
Surgical puncture of the amniotic sac to remove fluid for laboratory analysis
Abortion
Expulsion of the products of conception before viability
Ammiotomy
Artificial rupture of amniotic sac
Bacterial vaginosis
Culture and sensitivity of vaginal discharge
Bartholin gland
One of two small mucous glands located at the vaginal opening at the naw of the labia majora
Breast self exam (BSE)
Patient examines their own breast for any lumps or redness or thickening
Bimanual examination
An examination performed by the provider hands to examine the internal pelvic organs. Two fingers of one hand are inserted into the vagina and the other hand presses on the outside of the vaginal wall. Shape,consistency, and position of the pelvic organs can be determined
Braxton-hicks
Irregular, intermittent, and painless uterine contractions; also known as false labor
Cervical punch biopsy
is usually done in conjunction with a colposcopy to obtain a sample of cervical tissue for pathologic examination. The specimen is examined for malignant cells and the biopsy usually follows an abnormal Pap smear report
Candidiasis
Infection of the skin or mucous membrane with any species candida
Carcinoma in situ
Cancer that does not extend beyond the basement membrane
Cesarean section
Delivery of fetus through surgical incision into the uterus
Chlamydia
A bacterium that causes One of te most prevalent sexually transmitted disease
Colposcopy
Visual examination of vaginal and cervical tissue using a colposcope following abnormal Pap smear. A magnifying lens and powerful lights are used
Cryosurgery
Is used to treat tissue by freezing temperatures
Condylomata
A wart like lesion of viral origin found on external genitalia or perianal region
Congenital anomalies
Being born with; existing at time of birth
Contraception
Voluntary prevention of pregnancy
Coupling agent
An agent used when ultrasonography is used; enhances penetration of sound waves through tissue
Diethylstilbestrol (DES)
A synthetic hormone used therapeutically in menopausal disturbances. It should not be given during pregnancy. It has been related to cervicovaginal malignances in daughters of mothers who had it prescribed for them to treat a threatened abortion. DES has been related to productive disorders in the males whose mothers took it during pregnancy
Dilation
Expansion of an orifice or organ
Down syndrome
A genetic disorder
Eclampsia
Syndrome, also known as pregnancy-induced hypertension, can occur in pregnancy and result in convulsions unrelated to epilepsy or other Brain conditions
Formalin
A substance in which a specimen from a cervical punch biopsy is placed and the container is sent out for examination
Dysmenorrhea
Painful menses
Dyspareunia
Painful intercourse
Endometriosis
Tissue that resembles the endometrium invades various locations in the pelvic cavity and elsewhere
Cervical erosion
A cervical erosion is a change to the cells around the opening on the cervix, causing vaginal discharge.
Fulgarated
Destroyed by electric current
Genitalia
The reproductive organs internal and external
Gestation
Period of development from fertilization to birth
Gestational diabetes
Diabetes that first manifests clinically during pregnancy it usually subsides after delivery
Gravidity
Total number of pregnancies a woman has had regardless of duration including a present one
Meconium
The first stool of the newborn
Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)
Hormone secreted by the trophoblast after fertilization of the ovum. It may detected in the blood and urine of pregnant women
Hyperemesis gravidarum
Severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy with inability to eat may lead to severe dehydration
Hypoxia
Oxygen deficiency
Hysterosalpingogram
A radiograph of the uterus tubes after the injection of dye, reveals defects in either the uterus or tubes
Intraepethelium
Within the epithelium
Involution
Return of the uterus to normal size and shape after childbirth
Lamaze
Technique consisting of breathing exercise to facilitate delivery
Laparoscopy
A procedure in which a lighted instrument is used to view the inside of the pelvic cavity
Lochia
Discharge from the uterus of blood and mucus and tissue during the period after childbirth
Metorrahagia
Uterine bleeding at irregular intervals
Placenta abruptio
Placenta pulled away from the uterus
Multigravida
A woman who has been pregnant more than once
Polycystic
syndrome is a condition in which a woman has an imbalance of a female sex hormones. This may lead to menstrual cycle changes, cysts in the ovaries, trouble getting pregnant, and other health changes.
Nägele’s rule
Usual method for calculating expected date of birth
Neonatal
Pertaining to newborn
Nullipara
A woman who has not carried a pregnancy to the stage of viability
Oxytocin
A pituitary hormone that stimulates the muscles of the uterus to contract thus inducing labor
Parity
Carrying a pregnancy to the point of viability regardless of the outcome
Parturition
The process of giving birth
Patent
Open, not blocked
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Infection of uterus, fallopian tubes, and adjacent pelvic structures; most common causes are gonorrhea and chlamydia, spread as sexually transmitted diseases
Peurperium
The period from the end of the third stage of labor until in the involution of uterus is complete usually three to six weeks
Prostaglandin
Modulator of biochemical activity in tissues
Placenta previa
Sudden and abrupt separation of the placenta from uterine wall
Postcoital
Period of time following (after) intercourse
Preeclampsia
A complication of pregnancy characterized by just generalized edema, hypertension, and proteinuria
Prenatal
Time between fertilization and birth
Primigravida
A woman pregnant for the first time
sickle cell anemia
An inherited blood disorder that may shorten lifespan
Supine hypotension
A condition that may occur when a woman is lying in supine position the heavy, large uterus presses on the inferior vena cava and aorta, reducing blood flow back to the heart
Tay-Sachs
An inherited disease that is usually fatal
Thalassemia
A hereditary anemia that may be fatal
Titer
Measurement of amount of antibody present against a particular antigen
Trichomoniasis
Infestation with a trichomonas parasite, which may be transmitted through sexual intercourse
Trimester
Three months; one third of the gestational period of pregnancy
Ultrasonography
Process of placing a handheld transducer against a body area to be tested. The transducer sends sound waves through the skin and the various internal organs. When echoes are formed and sent back to the transducer converts them into electrical energy. This energy is transformed into a picture on a monitor or printed on paper. Photographs of the images can be taken and become part of the patients permanent record
Vesicular
characterized by the presence of vesicles. Vesicles are blisters or other elevations on the skin
Viable
Able to live, grow, and develop after birth; usually 24 weeks or greater than 1 pound
Wet mount
A method of adding liquid, usually Saline or potassium hydrochloride, to a specimen on a slide for examination and preservation. The specimen is placed on a slide and one drop of saline (for diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis) or potassium hydroxide (for a diagnosis of vaginal yeast infections) is applied and mixes with the specimen. It is covered with a coverslip and examine microscopically
Dysplasia
Abnormal development of tissue
Ectopic pregnancy
Implementation of the fertilized ovum outside of the uterine cavity
Effacement
Thinning and shortening of the cervical canal during labor to permit passage of fetus