chapter 26 Flashcards
who is Muhammad ?
muslims believe to be the final prophet
what is the birth place of Muhammad?
Mecca
what is the city of the prophet? and why that city?
Medina, because it was the first to accept Muhammad and his new religion.
Holiest city, and muslims face it when they pray, and it’s another of the five pillars that requires a pilgrimage there.
Mecca
what city is the second-most important place in Islam
Medina
why is Medina important?
Prophet Muhammad’s temporary exile there, also where the prophet was laid to rest at the time of his death
what is Medina considered?
The city of the prophet.
what are the five pillars?
Faith
Prayer
Charity
Fasting
hajj
what does the hajj require?
Requires muslims to make a religious journey to the holy city of mecca at least once in their life.
what city do muslims face during prayer?
Mecca
What Holliday requires muslims to fast during daylight hours.
Ramadan
what is the sacred scripture of Islam. This book was written by Abu-Bakr, and is very similar to the new testaments in the bible, but with key differences. Book or scripture of islam
Karon/quran
The muslim place of worship/their version of a church
Masque
what set’s population is larger sunni or Shia?
sunni
Are a minority everywhere in the world, except Iran, Iraq, Azerbaijan and bahrain
shia
what the title of the successor to the prophet
caliph
who is Muhammads closest companion and advisor
Abu Bakr
who is the first Imam who is believed to be the rightful successor to Muhammad,
Ali
____ is divinely appointed successors of Muhammad who are claimed by the Shias.
Ali
began in 660 with the ascension of Muawiya I. It ended with the defeat of the last caliph, Marwan II, in 750.
Umayyad
what was the first muslim empire
Umayyad empire
are Umayyad sunni muslims?
yes
what dynasty overthrew the Umayyad caliphate in 750 ce until it was destroyed by the Mongol invasion in 1258.
abbasid dynasty
who created a golden age?
Abbasid dynasty
is abbasid dynasty Shia muslims?
no they are sunni
who is the center for learning wealth and trade
abbasid dynasty
what dynasty was formed in 1501 and ended by the invasion of Afghans in 1722.
Safavid dynasty
what dynasty was created by Shia muslims?
Safavid dynasty
what empire ruled 1070’s and ruled until 1300
Safavid dynasty
This empire are technically invaders when coming to the middle east, but were actually looking for a new home, and assembled for the most part.
Safavid dynasty
what dynasty started in Iran
Safavid dynasty
are Safavid dynasty sunni muslims?
no they are shia
who had the strongest military
Safavid empire
first use of gun powder in the Middle East
Safavid empire
what dynasty begins in 1206 until 1368 aka Destroyers of civilization.
mongol dynasty
what empire reclaimed a ton of land for the byzantine empire
mongol dynasty
did the crusaders slaughter hundreds of thousands of jews and palestinian
yes
who set up christian kingdoms on the coast.
the crusaders
who Stormed in from central asia looting and pillaging along the way.
mongols did
Storming in from central asia looting and pillaging along the way.
the mongols
what empire started in (1096-1099)
crusaders empire
what empire lasted the longest?
the ottomans
who were the four invaders?
Mongols, seljunks, crusaders, and Safavids
