Chapter 26 Flashcards
In the 95% of those with delayed puberty, the problem is caused by which condition?
a. Disruption in the hypothalamus
b. Disruption of the pituitary
c. Deficit in estrogen or testosterone
d. Physiologic hormonal delays
d. Physiologic hormonal delays
In 95% of cases, delayed puberty is a physiologic delay; that is, hormonal levels are normal and the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis is intact, but maturation is happening slowly. This selection is the only option that accurately
What is the first sign of puberty in boys?
a. Thickening of the scrotal skin
b. Growth of pubic hair
c. Enlargement of the testes
d. Change in voice
c. Enlargement of the testes
The first sign of puberty in boys is an enlargement of the testes and a thinning of the scrotal skin.
Which type of precocious puberty causes the child to develop some secondary sex characteristics of the opposite sex?
a. Mixed
b. Incomplete
c. Isosexual
d. Homosexual
a. Mixed
Mixed precocious puberty (i.e., virilization of a girl or feminization of a boy) causes the child to develop some secondary sex characteristics of the opposite sex. This selection is the only option that accurately identifies the type of precocious puberty described.
What term is used to identify a condition in which the foreskin cannot be retracted over the glans penis?
a. Paraphimosis
b. Priapism
c. Prephimosis
d. Phimosis
d. Phimosis
Phimosis is the only term used to identify the condition in which the foreskin cannot be retracted back over the glans.
What term is used to identify a fibrotic condition that causes lateral curvature of the penis during erection, which is associated with a local vasculitis-like inflammatory reaction and decreased tissue oxygenation?
a. Phimosis
b. Lateral phimosis
c. Lateral paraphimosis
d. Peyronie disease
d. Peyronie disease
Peyronie disease (bent nail syndrome) is a fibrotic condition of the tunica albuginea of the penis, resulting in varying degrees of curvature and sexual dysfunction (see Figure 25-2). Although the exact cause is unknown, a local vasculitis-like inflammatory reaction occurs and decreased tissue oxygenation results in fibrosis and calcification. Peyronie disease is the only term used to identify the pathophysiologic condition described.
What term is used to identify an inflammation of the glans penis?
a. Glanitis
b. Balanitis
c. Priapism
d. Hydrocelitis
b. Balanitis
Balanitis is the only term used to identify an inflammation of the glans penis (see Figure 25-4).
Cryptorchidism can be defined as which of the following?
a. Normal developmental state of the testes
b. Abnormal state in which the testes are overdeveloped
c. Lack of scrotum
d. Testicular maldescent
d. Testicular maldescent
Cryptorchidism is a condition of testicular maldescent, the only option that accurately defines cryptorchidism.
What is the most common infectious cause of orchitis and one that usually affects post pubertal boys?
a. Herpes
b. Escherichia coli
c. Mumps
d. Cytomegalovirus
c. Mumps
The risk of which cancer is greater if the man has a history of cryptorchidism?
a. Penile
b. Testicular
c. Prostate
d. Epididymal
b. Testicular
The risk of testicular cancer is 35 to 50 times greater in men with cryptorchidism or in those with a history of cryptorchidism than it is for the general male population. This is not true of the other options.
What are the clinical manifestations of testicular cancer?
a. Firm, nontender testicular mass
b. Painful, mobile, firm testicular mass
c. Painful fluid-filled testicular mass
d. Soft, nontender testicular mass
a. Firm, nontender testicular mass
How does the epididymis become infected?
a. The pathogenic microorganisms ascend the vasa deferentia from an already infected urethra or bladder.
b. The pathogenic microorganisms are attached to sperm that travel through the genital tract.
c. The pathogenic microorganisms from the tunica vaginalis are transported to the epididymis.
d. The pathogenic microorganisms from the prostate fluid ascend to the epididymis.
a. The pathogenic microorganisms ascend the vasa deferentia from an already infected urethra or bladder.
The pathogenic microorganisms usually reach the epididymis by ascending the vasa deferentia from an already infected urethra or bladder. Of the selections available, this is the only option that accurately describes how the epididymis becomes infected.
Symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are a result of which pathophysiologic condition?
a. Infection of the prostate
b. Obstruction of the urethra
c. Ischemia of the urethra
d. Compression of the urethra
d. Compression of the urethra
BPH becomes problematic as prostatic tissue compresses the urethra, where it passes through the prostate. Of the selections available, only this option accurately describes the pathophysiologic condition behind the symptoms of BPH.
Priapism has been associated with the abuse of what substance?
a. Marijuana
b. Alcohol
c. Cocaine
d. Heroin
c. Cocaine
Which infection has clinical manifestations that include the sudden onset of malaise, low back pain, and perineal pain with high fever and chills, dysuria, nocturia, and urinary retention?
a. Orchitis
b. Balanitis
c. Epididymitis
d. Bacterial prostatitis
d. Bacterial prostatitis
Bacterial prostatitis can exhibit common manifestations that include a sudden onset of malaise, low back and perineal pain, high fever (up to 40° C [104° F]), and chills, as well as dysuria, inability to empty the bladder, nocturia, and urinary retention. Myalgia and arthralgia also may occur. This selection is the only option that exhibits the symptoms described.
Which age group should be targeted for testicular cancer education and screening?
a. 15 to 35 year olds
b. 20 to 45 year olds
c. 30 to 55 year olds
d. 45 to 70 year olds
a. 15 to 35 year olds
