Chapter 26

Question 1

How many types of tissues do animals have?

Answer 1

4- epithlial, muscular, connective, and nervous

Question 2

What is an animal?

Answer 2

A multicellular, eukaryotic heterotrophs who lack cell walls.

Question 3

Invertebrates do not have a….

Answer 3

backbone

Question 4

vertebrates do have a….

Answer 4

backbone

Question 5

what are the 7 essential functions that animals carry out?

Answer 5

feeding, respiration, reproduction, circulation, excretion, response, and movement

Question 5

what are the 7 essential functions that animals carry out?

Answer 5

feeding, respiration, reproduction, circulation, excretion, response, movement, and reproduction

Question 5

what are the 7 essential functions that animals carry out?

Answer 5

feeding, respiration, reproduction, circulation, excretion, response, movement, and reproduction

Question 5

what are the 7 essential functions that animals carry out?

Answer 5

feeding, respiration, reproduction, circulation, excretion, response, and movement.

Question 6

True or false:
all animals are capable of movement

Answer 6

False

Question 7

What does respire mean?

Answer 7

To breathe

Question 8

What is a blastula?

Answer 8

A hollow ball of cells

Question 9

What is a protosome?

Answer 9

An animal whose mouth is formed from the blasatapore.

Question 10

What is a deuterostome?

Answer 10

An animal whose anus is formed from the blastopore.

Question 11

During early development, the cells of most animal embryos differentiate into 3 layers called….

Answer 11

germ layers

Question 12

List the 3 germ layers and identify their location

Answer 12

Endoderm- the innermost layer
Mesoderm- the middle layer
Ectoderm- the outermost layer

Question 13

What is the only animal that does not exhibit body symmetry?

Answer 13

Sponges

Question 14

What is radical symmetry?

Answer 14

Any number of imaginary planes that can be drawn through the center, each dividing into equal halves.

Question 15

What is bilateral symmetry?

Answer 15

Only one imaginary plane can divide the body into two equal halves- left and right

Question 16

What is anterior?

Answer 16

Front end

Question 17

What is the Dorsal?

Answer 17

Upper side

Question 18

What is the Ventral?

Answer 18

The lower side

Question 19

What is the posterior?

Answer 19

The Back end

Question 20

What is cephalization?

Answer 20

The concentration of sense organs and nerve cells at the front and end of the body.

Question 21

What does Porifera mean?

Answer 21

Pore-bearers

Question 22

True or False: Do sponges live their entire life attached to a single spot?

Answer 22

True

Question 23

Why are sponges classified as animals (there are 4 reasons)

Answer 23

Multicellular, heterotrophic, have no cell walls, and contain a few specialized cells.

Question 24

What is continually circulated throughout a sponge's body?

Answer 24

Water

Question 25

What is a choanocyte?

Answer 25

Specialized cells that use flagella to move a steady current of water through the sponge

Question 26

What is an osculum?

Answer 26

A large hole at the top of the sponge

Question 27

What is a spicule?

Answer 27

A spike-shaped structure made of calcium carbonate or silica.

Question 28

What is an Archaeocytes?

Answer 28

Specialized cells that move around within the walls of the sponge.

Question 29

How do gemmules help sponges survive?

Answer 29

They help sponges survive the cold or drought, when conditions are good, they help grow into new sponges.

Question 30

Sponges reproduce sexually through the process of.....

Answer 30

internal fertillization

Question 31

name 2 ways sponges are important in aquatic ecology.

Answer 31

provides habitats for marine animals and they contain photosynthetic organisms

Question 32

What are cnidarians?

Answer 32

Soft-bodied, carnivorous animals that have stinging tentacles arranged in circles around their mouth

Question 33

What is a medusa?

Answer 33

Motile stage of a cnidarians life cycle; bell-shaped

Question 34

What is a polyp?

Answer 34

Cylindrical body with armlike tentacles, part of the cnidarian life cycle.

Question 35

What is a nematocyst?

Answer 35

A poison-filled stinging structure that contains tightly coiled darts

Question 36

What is a gastrovascular cavity?

Answer 36

A digestive chamber with one opening

Question 37

What is a nerve net?

Answer 37

A loosely organized network of cells

Question 38

What are Statocysts?

Answer 38

groups of sensory cells that help determine the direction of gravity

Question 39

What are ocelli?

Answer 39

"Eye-spots"; used to detect sunlight

Question 40

During sexual reproduction, cnidarians reproduce via...

Answer 40

external fertilization

Question 41

The class Scyphozoa contains...

Answer 41

jellyfish

Question 42

The class Hydrozoa contains...

Answer 42

Hydras and related animals

Question 43

The class Anthozoa contains...

Answer 43

Sea anemones and corals

Question 44

Coral requires high levels of what?

Answer 44

Sunlight, is needed for the algae that lives inside of them