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Advanced Biology > Chapter 26 > Flashcards

Chapter 26 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

How many types of tissues do animals have?

A

4- epithlial, muscular, connective, and nervous

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2
Q

What is an animal?

A

A multicellular, eukaryotic heterotrophs who lack cell walls.

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3
Q

Invertebrates do not have a….

A

backbone

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4
Q

vertebrates do have a….

A

backbone

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5
Q

what are the 7 essential functions that animals carry out?

A

feeding, respiration, reproduction, circulation, excretion, response, and movement

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5
Q

what are the 7 essential functions that animals carry out?

A

feeding, respiration, reproduction, circulation, excretion, response, movement, and reproduction

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5
Q

what are the 7 essential functions that animals carry out?

A

feeding, respiration, reproduction, circulation, excretion, response, movement, and reproduction

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5
Q

what are the 7 essential functions that animals carry out?

A

feeding, respiration, reproduction, circulation, excretion, response, and movement.

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6
Q

True or false:
all animals are capable of movement

A

False

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7
Q

What does respire mean?

A

To breathe

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8
Q

What is a blastula?

A

A hollow ball of cells

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9
Q

What is a protosome?

A

An animal whose mouth is formed from the blasatapore.

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10
Q

What is a deuterostome?

A

An animal whose anus is formed from the blastopore.

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11
Q

During early development, the cells of most animal embryos differentiate into 3 layers called….

A

germ layers

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12
Q

List the 3 germ layers and identify their location

A

Endoderm- the innermost layer
Mesoderm- the middle layer
Ectoderm- the outermost layer

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13
Q

What is the only animal that does not exhibit body symmetry?

A

Sponges

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14
Q

What is radical symmetry?

A

Any number of imaginary planes that can be drawn through the center, each dividing into equal halves.

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15
Q

What is bilateral symmetry?

A

Only one imaginary plane can divide the body into two equal halves- left and right

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16
Q

What is anterior?

A

Front end

17
Q

What is the Dorsal?

A

Upper side

18
Q

What is the Ventral?

A

The lower side

19
Q

What is the posterior?

A

The Back end

20
Q

What is cephalization?

A

The concentration of sense organs and nerve cells at the front and end of the body.

21
Q

What does Porifera mean?

A

Pore-bearers

22
Q

True or False:
Do sponges live their entire life attached to a single spot?

A

True

23
Q

Why are sponges classified as animals (there are 4 reasons)

A

Multicellular, heterotrophic, have no cell walls, and contain a few specialized cells.

24
Q

What is continually circulated throughout a sponge’s body?

A

Water

25
Q

What is a choanocyte?

A

Specialized cells that use flagella to move a steady current of water through the sponge

26
Q

What is an osculum?

A

A large hole at the top of the sponge

27
Q

What is a spicule?

A

A spike-shaped structure made of calcium carbonate or silica.

28
Q

What is an Archaeocytes?

A

Specialized cells that move around within the walls of the sponge.

29
Q

How do gemmules help sponges survive?

A

They help sponges survive the cold or drought, when conditions are good, they help grow into new sponges.

30
Q

Sponges reproduce sexually through the process of…..

A

internal fertillization

31
Q

name 2 ways sponges are important in aquatic ecology.

A

provides habitats for marine animals and they contain photosynthetic organisms

32
Q

What are cnidarians?

A

Soft-bodied, carnivorous animals that have stinging tentacles arranged in circles around their mouth

33
Q

What is a medusa?

A

Motile stage of a cnidarians life cycle; bell-shaped

34
Q

What is a polyp?

A

Cylindrical body with armlike tentacles, part of the cnidarian life cycle.

35
Q

What is a nematocyst?

A

A poison-filled stinging structure that contains tightly coiled darts

36
Q

What is a gastrovascular cavity?

A

A digestive chamber with one opening

37
Q

What is a nerve net?

A

A loosely organized network of cells

38
Q

What are Statocysts?

A

groups of sensory cells that help determine the direction of gravity

39
Q

What are ocelli?

A

“Eye-spots”; used to detect sunlight

40
Q

During sexual reproduction, cnidarians reproduce via…

A

external fertilization

41
Q

The class Scyphozoa contains…

A

jellyfish

42
Q

The class Hydrozoa contains…

A

Hydras and related animals

43
Q

The class Anthozoa contains…

A

Sea anemones and corals

44
Q

Coral requires high levels of what?

A

Sunlight, is needed for the algae that lives inside of them

Advanced Biology (1 decks)

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