Chapter 25- People

Question 1

Who increased his mutton output by allowing only his best sheep to breed?

Answer 1

Robert Bakewell

Question 2

Who was a machinist who made a shuttle that sped back and forth on wheels?

Answer 2

John Kay

Question 3

Who created a spinning wheel and named it “Spinning Jenny” after his daughter?

Answer 3

James Hargreaves

Question 4

Who invented the water frame in 1769 which used water power from rapid streams to drive spinning wheels?

Answer 4

Richard Arkwright

Question 5

Who combined features of the spinning jenny and the water frame to produce the spinning mule?

Answer 5

Samuel Crompton

Question 6

Who invented the power loom, which sped up weaving?

Answer 6

Edmund Cartwright

Question 7

Who invented the cotton gin which increased American cotton production from 1.5 million lbs. in 1790 to 85 million lbs. in 1810

Answer 7

Eli Whitney

Question 8

Who was a mathematical instrument maker at the University of Glassgow created a steam engine that worked faster and more efficiently while burning less fuel?

Answer 8

James Watt

Question 9

Who was an entrepreneur that joined James Watt in the making of a more efficient steam engine?

Answer 9

Matthew Boulton

Question 10

Who was an American inventor who built a steamboat called the Clermont using a steam engine from Watt and Boulton?

Answer 10

Robert Fulton

Question 11

Who was a Scottish engineer who equipped road beds with layer of large stones for drainage and on top placed a carefully smoothed layer of crushed rock, which improved all roads?

Answer 11

John McAdam

Question 12

Who was an English engineer who won a bet of thousands of dollars by hauling ten tons of iron over nearly ten miles of track in a steam-driven locomotive?

Answer 12

Richard Trevithick

Question 13

Who was a railroad engineer who built some 20 engines for mine operators in northern England and created the world’s first railroad line?

Answer 13

George Stephenson

Question 14

Who was a French writer who wrote “From this filthy sewer pure gold flows”, after he visited Manchester in 1835?

Answer 14

Alexis de Tocqueville

Question 15

A British mill worker who emigrated to the United States and built a spinning machine from memory and a partial design?

Answer 15

Samuel Slater

Question 16

Who opened the first factory in the United States to house Slater’s machines in Pawtucket, Rhode Island?

Answer 16

Moses Brown

Question 17

Who helped revolutionize the American textile industry and earned enough money to fund a larger operation in another Massachusetts town than their previous one?

Answer 17

Francis Cabot Lowell

Question 18

Who was a scientific farmer who created the seed drill which allowed farmers to sow seeds in well-spaced rows at specific depths?

Answer 18

Jethro Tull

Question 19

Who was the founder of Standard Oil?

Answer 19

J.D. Rockefeller

Question 20

Who was the founder of the Carnegie Steel Company?

Answer 20

Andrew Carnegie

Question 21

Who was a professor at the U of Glassgow in Scotland and defended the idea of free economy? He also published a book called “The Wealth of The Nations.”

Answer 21

Adam Smith

Question 22

Who wrote “An Essay on The Principle of Population,” where he argued that population tended to increase more rapidly than the food supply? Without wars and epidemics to kill off extra people, most were destined to be poor and miserable.

Answer 22

Thomas Malthus

Question 23

Who believed that a permanent underclass would always be poor? He also published the book “Principles of Political Economy and Taxation.”

Answer 23

Dave Ricardo

Question 24

Who introduced the philosophy of utilitarianism and believed that people should judge ideas, institutions, and actions on the basis of their utility, or usefulness?

Answer 24

Jeremy Bentham

Question 25

Who led the utilitarian movement and believed it was wrong that workers should lead deprived lives that sometimes bordered on starvation?

Answer 25

John Stuart Mill

Question 26

Who improved working conditions for his employees and prohibited children from working in the mills and provided free schooling?

Answer 26

Robert Owen

Question 27

Who was a French reformer who sought to offset the ill effects of industrialization with a new economic system called socialism?

Answer 27

Charles Fourier

Question 28

Who was also a French reformer who sought to offset the ill effects of industrialization with a new economic system called socialism?

Answer 28

Saint-Simon

Question 29

Who advocated change through extension of the right to vote?

Answer 29

Louis Blanc

Question 30

Who introduced the world to a radical type of socialism called Marxism and was a co-publisher of “The Communist Manifesto?”

Answer 30

Karl Marx

Question 31

Who was a German who’s father owned a textile mill in Manchester as helped publish “The Communist Manifesto” with Karl Marx?

Answer 31

Friedrich Engels

Question 32

Who was a highly religious man who was a member of Parliament and led the fight for abolition?

Answer 32

William Wilberforce

Question 33

Who was one of the most prominent U.S. Reformer who favored free public education for all children?

Answer 33

Horace Mann

Question 34

Who set up Hull House in working class district in Chicago which served the immigrant population of the neighborhood and trained social workers?

Answer 34

Jane Addams