Chapter 25:2 nuclear transformations

Question 1

What is the force that acts between all nuclear particles that are extremely close together?

Answer 1

Nuclear force

Question 2

How many nuclei are known?

Answer 2

1500+

Question 3

How many nuclei are stable?

Answer 3

264

Question 4

What shows where protons and neutrons are mostly stable?

Answer 4

Band of stability

Question 5

What determines the type of decay ?

Answer 5

Neutron to proton ratio

Question 6

What is the particle with the mass of an electron but a positive charge?

Answer 6

Positron

Question 7

All nuclei with an atomic number greater than what are radioactive?

Answer 7

83

Question 8

What is half life? (T1/2)

Answer 8

Time required for one half of the nuclei to decay to products

Question 9

Why does medicine need to have a short half life?

Answer 9

So there is not a radiation hazard

Question 10

What is the conversion of an atom of one element into an atom of another element?

Answer 10

Transmutation

Question 11

How can transmutation occur?

Answer 11

1. Radioactive decay

2. When particles bombard the nucleus

Question 12

Are transmutations common in natures

Answer 12

Yes

Question 13

Who discovered the proton in 1919 from transmutation?

Answer 13

Ernest Rutherford

Question 14

Elements above 92 in atomic numbers are what?

Answer 14

Transuranium elements

Question 15

Are transuranium elements radioactive?

Answer 15

Yes

Question 16

Who has the largest accelerators

Answer 16

Cren it’s called the large hadron collider

Question 17

When does beta decay occur?

Answer 17

Too many neutrons

Question 18

When does alpha decay occur?

Answer 18

Too big

Question 19

When do positron emission and electron capture occur?

Answer 19

When there are too few neutrons

Question 20

How many protons do all atoms have , besides hydrogen?

Answer 20

2+

Question 21

What happens to the atomic number during alpha decay?

Answer 21

+1

Question 22

What happens to the atomic number during beta decay?

Answer 22

-2

Question 23

What happens to the atomic number during gamma rays?

Answer 23

None its energy

Question 24

What happens to the atomic number during positron emissions and electron capture?

Answer 24

-1

Question 25

What’s the formula to find half lives?

Answer 25

N= time of decay
————————
Half life

Question 26

How to calculate how much will remain?

Answer 26

Ending amount= starting amount x 1/2 power of how many half lives