Chapter 24: Toothbrushing

Question 1

Behaviors that individuals
perform to achieve, maintain, or promote health or oral health.

Answer 1

Self-care/homecare

Question 2

Daily removal of bacteria, biofilm, and debris from teeth, tongue, and adjacent oral tissues as part of an overall preventive
program to prevent or control oral diseases.

Answer 2

Oral biofilm/plaque control

Question 3

Parts of a toothbrush

Answer 3

Head, handle, shank

Question 4

Contains filaments
(bristles); is approximately 1-
1.25 inches long and 0.33-0.37
inches wide.

Answer 4

Head of a toothbrush

Question 5

Used for grasping
toothbrush by hand during
use.

Answer 5

Handle of a toothbrush

Question 6

Connects head of
toothbrush to handle.

Answer 6

Shank of a toothbrush

Question 7

What design affects
toothbrushing efficacy?

Answer 7

Filament

Question 8

Most filaments are how long?

Answer 8

10-12 mm

Question 9

Worn toothbrushes have bristles that are?

Answer 9

Splaying, bending, curling, spreading, or matting

Question 10

More effective in plaque reduction (21%)
and gingivitis (11%).

Answer 10

Power toothbrushes

Question 11

The average brushing time is what?

Answer 11

1 min or less (patients usually believe they brush double the time that they actually do)

Question 12

Filaments are directed apically at
45-degree angle to long axis of
tooth; use gentle force and gentle
but firm vibratory strokes with indications for:
Sulcular cleansing
Periodontal health
Periodontal disease
Periodontal maintenance

Answer 12

Bass/sulcular method

Question 13

Filaments are directed apically
and angled similar to Bass
method; filaments are placed
partly on cervical portion of
teeth and partly on adjacent
gingiva; use short back-and-
forth vibratory strokes; light
pressure, with indications for:
Progressive gingival recession
Gingival stimulation

Answer 13

Stillman method

Question 14

Filaments directed toward
crown of tooth and placed
at gingival margin and
angled 45 degrees to long
axis of tooth; use short back-
and-forth vibratory strokes with indications for:
Orthodontics
Temporary cleaning of
surgical sites
Fixed prosthetic appliances

Answer 14

Charter method

Question 15

Filaments are directed
apically, rolled
occlusally in vertical
motion with indications of:
Used in conjunction
with Bass, Stillman, and
Charter methods
Indications

Answer 15

Roll Stroke method

Question 16

Add a roll stroke; roll tufts occlusally in a vertical motion after the cervical area is cleaned by the prescribed method with indications of:
Cleaning of entire facial and lingual surfaces

Answer 16

Modified Bass, Stillman, and Charter methods

Question 17

Filaments are
activated in circular
motion with indications for:
Young children with
primary teeth; otherwise not
recommended

Answer 17

Fones Method

Question 18

Toothbrush trauma can appear in the form of gingival abrasions; redness, scuffing, or punctate lesions. True or false?

Answer 18

True

Question 19

Gingival recession affects 80% to 100% of
middle-aged Americans to some degree,
although visible gingival abrasions are not a common finding. True or false?

Answer 19

True

Question 20

Increased risk of dentinal hypersensitivity,
loss of tooth support, root caries, and
aesthetic dissatisfaction can be caused by?

Answer 20

Toothbrushing trauma

Question 21

Causes of recession are multifactorial and include?

Answer 21

Toothbrushing factors
Anatomic factors (e.g., tooth malposition)
Pathologic factors (e.g., clinical
attachment loss from periodontal
disease)

Question 22

Tooth abrasion is typically located where?

Answer 22

Around the CEJ

Question 23

Caused by excessive occlusal
loading resulting in tooth flexure
and subsequent loss of hard
tooth structure at the CEJ.

Answer 23

Tooth abfractions

Question 24

Noncarious cervical lesions from
demineralization as a result of
chemical erosion.

Answer 24

Erosion

Question 25

Benefits of tongue cleansing

Answer 25

Reduces the number of bacterial organisms, controls oral malodor, improves taste perception and overall oral cleanliness

Question 26

Toothbrushes can be a mode of indirect transmission for pathogenic organisms. True or false?

Answer 26

True

Question 27

Solid toothbrush designs are less conducive to sustaining colonization of microorganisms than hollow designs. True or false?

Answer 27

True

Question 28

Some interventions to help decontamination of toothbrushes are?

Answer 28

0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate Essential oils mouth rinses 2% sodium hypochlorite 50% white vinegar Ultrasonic sanitizers Dishwashers

Question 29

Parts of the brushing plane of a toothbrush are?

Answer 29

Heel (bottom part) and Toe (top part)

Question 30

Characteristics of an appropriate toothbrush are?

Answer 30

Size, shape, weight, and texture meet the individual's needs Easily held, used, and disinfected Inexpensive and durable Functional (flexible, comfortable, effective) Appropriate strength, rigidity, and weight

Question 31

Connects head of toothbrush to the handle

Answer 31

Shank

Question 32

Toothbrushes containing 40%-100% end-rounded bristles provide a significant reduction in gingival abrasion compared to toothbrushes with non-end-rounded filaments. True or false?

Answer 32

True

Question 33

Have a range of 0.15mm to 0.4mm in diameter

Answer 33

Nylon toothbrush filaments

Question 34

Oral-B oscillating rotating power toothbrush has the what?

Answer 34

ADA Seal of Acceptance

Question 35

Entire brush head rotates from one direction and then to the other, some models pulsate in and out

Answer 35

Oscillating-rotating action (ex. Oral-B, Genius, Pro, and Vitality, Conair Opticlean)

Question 36

Entire brush head rotates in one direction

Answer 36

Circular (ex. Zila Rotadent Procare)

Question 37

Bristles vibrate side to side or up and down with high amplitude and high frequency; sound waves cause fluid motion.

Answer 37

Sonic (ex. Philips Sonicare, Waterpik Sensonic, Colgate 360 Advanced Powered)

Question 38

Bristles vibrate at ultrasonic frequencies

Answer 38

Ultrasonic (ex. Emmi-dent, Smilex)

Question 39

Selection of the toothbrushing method should depend on patient needs, dexterity, and preferences. True or false?

Answer 39

True

Question 40

Difficulty in determining actual cause of tooth abrasions and abfractions have led to the term of?

Answer 40

Noncarious cervical lesions NCCL

Question 41

What is a fomite?

Answer 41

An inanimate object that houses and transmits potentially infectious agents.

Question 42

Shared Decision Making Model

Answer 42

Knowledge transfer, deliberation and decision making

Question 43

Knowledge transfer

Answer 43

Two-way direction, DH to patient or patient to DH

Question 44

Deliberation and decision making

Answer 44

Bilateral direction, between DH and patient and possibly other providers/caregivers