Chapter 24 Quiz

Question 1

A stated position with evidence and reasoning in support of it

Answer 1

Argument

Question 2

States the speakers conclusion about some state of affairs. Answers the question “what are you trying to prove”

Answer 2

Claim

Question 3

Supporting material providing grounds for belief. Answers “what is your proof for the claim”

Answer 3

Evidence

Question 4

Provides reasons or justifications for why the evidence supports the claim; allows the audience members to evaluate whether in fact the evidence is valid

Answer 4

Warrant

Question 5

Focus on whether something is or is not true or whether something will or will not happen

Answer 5

Claims of facts

Question 6

Addresses issues of judgment

Answer 6

Claims of value

Question 7

Recommend that a specific course of action be taken approved

Answer 7

Claims of policy

Question 8

Offer reasons targeted at the audiences needs and emotions

Answer 8

Motivational warrant

Question 9

Appeal to the credibility the audience assigns to the source of the evidence; this appeal is based on ETHOS

Answer 9

Authoritative warrants

Question 10

Target the audiences faith in the speakers factual evidence as justification for the argument; this appeal is based on LOGOS and appeals to the audiences rational thinking on a matter

Answer 10

Substantive warrants

Question 11

Begin with a general case; supported by one or more specific examples of the case

Answer 11

Deductive reasoning

Question 12

Logical fallacy that an isolated case is true all individuals or conditions concerned

Answer 12

Hasty generalization

Question 13

Build from specific cases to general case or claim supported by them

Answer 13

Inductive reasoning

Question 14

The speaker offers a cause and effect relationship as proof of the claim, arguing that one event, circumstance, or idea (the cause) is the reason (the effect) for another

Answer 14

Cause reasoning

Question 15

Speaker compares two similar cases and implies that what is true in the other

Answer 15

Reasoning by analogy

Question 16

The conclusion of your speech. Make an explicit appeal to take the specific action

Answer 16

Call to action

Question 17

Does not mention opposing views

Answer 17

One-sided message

Question 18

Mentions opposing views and sometimes refutes them

Answer 18

Two-sides message

Question 19

Either a false or erroneous statement or an invalid or deceptive line of reasoning

Answer 19

Logical fallacy

Question 20

Particularly effective when persuading audience members hostile to your position

Answer 20

Refutation pattern

Question 21

A commonly used design for persuasive speeches, especially those based on claims of policy

Answer 21

Problem-solution-pattern

Question 22

Requires more than two points to adequately explain the problem and to substantiate the recommended solution

Answer 22

Problem-cause-solution

Question 23

Developed in the mid 1930s by Alan Monroe: a five step sequence that begins arousing listeners attention and end with calling for action

Answer 23

Motivated sequence pattern

Question 24

What are the 5 steps to Monroe’s motivated sequence?

Answer 24

1. Attention
2. Need
3. Satisfaction
4. Visualization
5. Action

Question 25

Most effective when your audience is already aware of the issue or problem and agrees that a need for a solution exits

Answer 25

Comparative advantage pattern

Question 26

Addresses each main point and then refuted (disapproves) an opposing claim to your position

Answer 26

Refutation pattern