chapter 24 neurological Flashcards

1
Q

Central nervous system

A

consist of the brain and spinal cord

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2
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

cranial nerves and the spinal nerves

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3
Q

what is the nervous system responsible for?

A

control of cognitive function voluntary and involuntary actions.

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4
Q

what is the basic cell of the nervous system?

A

neuron. it is highly specialized that sends impulses throughout the body.

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5
Q

myelin sheath

A

(white matter)white, fatty that helps protect the neuron while increasing delivery of a nerve impulse.

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6
Q

Brain

A

is the largest portion of the central nervous system. it is covered and protected by the meninges, the cerebrospinal fluid, and the bony structure of the skull.

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7
Q

Meninges

A

three connective tissue membranes that cover, protect and nourish the central nervous system.
it also help also helps the nourish the central nervous system

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8
Q

what are primary function of the cerebrospinal fluid

A

to cushion the brain and prevent injury to the brain tissue.

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9
Q

what is the brain made up of?`

A

cerebrum, diencephalon, cerebellum, and brain stem.

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10
Q

Cerebrum

A

is the largest portion of the brain.

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11
Q

what is the outermost layer of the cerebrum

A

cerebral cortex. it is composed of gray matter.

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12
Q

cerebral cortex

A

responsible for all conscious behavior. it enables the individual to perceive, remember, communicate, and initiative voluntary movements.

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13
Q

what are the lobes of the cerebrum

A

frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal.

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14
Q

Frontal lobe of the cerebrum

A

helps control voluntary skeletal movement, speech, emotions, and intellectual activities.
however the prefrontal cortex of the frontal lobe, controls intellect, complex, learning abilities, judgment, reasoning, concern for others, and creation of abstract ideas.

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15
Q

the parietal lobe of the cerebrum

A

is responsible for conscious awareness of sensation and somatosensory stimuli, to include temperature, pain, shapes, and two-point discrimination- for example :

the ability to sense a round versus square object placed in the hand or hot vs cold materials

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16
Q

occipital lobe

A

is the visual cortex, receives stimuli from the retina and interprets the visual stimuli in relation to past experiences.

17
Q

temporal lobe

A

responsible for interpreting auditory stimuli. impulses from the cochlea are transmitted to the temporal lobe and are interpreted regarding pitch, rhythm, loudness and perception of what the individual hears.

the olfactory cortex is also in the temporal lobe and transmits impulses related to smell.

18
Q

Diencephalon.

A

composed of thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus.

19
Q

Thalamus

A

the gateway to the cerebral cortex.