chapter 24 neurological Flashcards
Central nervous system
consist of the brain and spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system
cranial nerves and the spinal nerves
what is the nervous system responsible for?
control of cognitive function voluntary and involuntary actions.
what is the basic cell of the nervous system?
neuron. it is highly specialized that sends impulses throughout the body.
myelin sheath
(white matter)white, fatty that helps protect the neuron while increasing delivery of a nerve impulse.
Brain
is the largest portion of the central nervous system. it is covered and protected by the meninges, the cerebrospinal fluid, and the bony structure of the skull.
Meninges
three connective tissue membranes that cover, protect and nourish the central nervous system.
it also help also helps the nourish the central nervous system
what are primary function of the cerebrospinal fluid
to cushion the brain and prevent injury to the brain tissue.
what is the brain made up of?`
cerebrum, diencephalon, cerebellum, and brain stem.
Cerebrum
is the largest portion of the brain.
what is the outermost layer of the cerebrum
cerebral cortex. it is composed of gray matter.
cerebral cortex
responsible for all conscious behavior. it enables the individual to perceive, remember, communicate, and initiative voluntary movements.
what are the lobes of the cerebrum
frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal.
Frontal lobe of the cerebrum
helps control voluntary skeletal movement, speech, emotions, and intellectual activities.
however the prefrontal cortex of the frontal lobe, controls intellect, complex, learning abilities, judgment, reasoning, concern for others, and creation of abstract ideas.
the parietal lobe of the cerebrum
is responsible for conscious awareness of sensation and somatosensory stimuli, to include temperature, pain, shapes, and two-point discrimination- for example :
the ability to sense a round versus square object placed in the hand or hot vs cold materials