Chapter 24 Leptoms And Quakes Etc Flashcards
Why is antimatter a thing
Because charge conserved, energy conserved, matter had to be too
Any matter created in Big Bang created by pair production or whatever, this produced matter and antimatter
What are the properties of antimatter
Had opposite spin and CHARGE
But same REST mass!!!
Denoted by line abibe
4 fundamental forces
And ranges
1) string nuclear (SMALL RANGE 0 TO 3 FM)
2) weak nuclear SMALL SMALL RANGE
3) gravitational force of attraction ( LARGE RANGE 0 to infinty)
4) ELECTROMAGNETIC ( static and moving both electric and MAGNETIC) large range (0 to infinity)
What is the range of the weak nuclear force
Even smaller than string all need to know
What experiences all 4 forces
Strong nuclear force felt by nucleons AND quarks
Weak nuclear responsible for beta decay
Grav for any mass particle
Electromagnetic is for any static / moving CHARGED PARTICLE
What makes a particle fundamental
If they have NO internal structure, and csnr be divided further
These are leptons and quarks
- leptons are neutrinos and electrons
What are all antimatter split into? 2 groups
WHY WHATS THE DIVISION
HADRONS and leptons
Hadrons are matter/ antimatter that CAN experience the string nuclear force ( as well as the other 3, elec if charged)
Leptons are matter antimatter that CANT experience the strong nuclear force , only 3 if charged
What are hadrons split into , and thus not fundamental ?
What are the two types we neede to know
ALL Hadrons split into quarks, and thus not fundamental
Protons and neutrons are hadrons we need to know, and they mad from 3 quarks each
This is why hadrons can Experience nuclear string force, as made from quarks, there is string nuclear force BETWEEN THEM
What are quarks
Like leptons ( electrons , neutrinos) are fundamental particles
Like every particle, has anti particles too
All hadrons made from quarks, there are 6 quarks and anti
But for this course only need to know UP, DOWN , STRANGE AND ANTI
All fundamental particle s
Quarks and anti
Leptons = neutrinos , elevtrons, and anti ( so anti neutrinos and POSITRON)
Proton and neutron quark combo
Proton is UUD, add charges will give you 1 ( on data sheet ) but up is 2/3 and down is -1/3
Neutron is UDD, again add and gives 0
What happens in beta plus and minus decay
Beta plus decay, must produce positve = positron
Hence proton = neutron + positron , and electorn neutirono
And beta minus produce negative, so electron
Hence neutron = protom + electron and anti electron neutrino
How to remember :
- charge MUST BE CONSERVED, so you know I’m producing position okay means proton on left
- if antimatter made then not at the end, I made positron, so I’m gonna put normal neutrino not anti
Beta plus minus quark decay
Beta plus proton becomes neutron, so u decay to d
Beta minus neutron becomes proton , so d decay to u
How to show charge conserved even in quark decay
Show quark decya and electron positron and neutrino
And show them balance
Firce responsible for beta decya?
Weak nuclear force
