Chapter 24 - Land Empires in the Age of Imperialism, 1800-1870

Question 1

Muhammad Ali

Answer 1

Leader of Egyptian modernization in the early nineteenth century. He ruled Egypt as an Ottoman governor but had imperial ambitions. His descendants ruled Egypt until overthrown in 1952.

Question 2

Janissaries

Answer 2

Infantry, originally slave origin, armed with firearms and constituting the elite of the Ottoman army from the fifteenth century until the corps was abolished in 1826.

Question 3

Serbia

Answer 3

The Ottoman province in the Balkins that rose up against Janissary control in the early 1800s.

Question 4

Tanzimat

Answer 4

Restructuring reforms by the nineteenth century Ottoman rulers, intended to move civil law away from the control of religious elites and make the military and the bureaucracy more efficient.

Question 5

Crimean War

Answer 5

Conflict between the Russian and Ottoman Empires fought primarily in the Crimean Peninsula. To prevent Russian Expansion, Britain and France sent troops to support the Ottomans.

Question 6

Extraterritoriality

Answer 6

The right of foreign residents in a country to live under the laws of their native country and disregard the laws of the host country. In the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, European and American nationals living in certain areas of Chinese and Ottoman cities were granted this right.

Question 7

Slavophiles

Answer 7

Russian intellectuals in the early nineteenth century who favored resisting western European influences and taking pride in the traditional peasant values and institutions of the Slavic people.

Question 8

Pan-Slavism

Answer 8

Movement among Russian intellectuals in the second half of the nineteenth century to identify culturally and politically with the Slavic peoples of eastern Europe.

Question 9

Decembrist Revolt

Answer 9

Abortive attempt by army officers to take control of the Russian government upon the death of Tsar Alexander I in 1825.

Question 10

Opium War

Answer 10

War between Britain and the Qing Empire that was, in the British view, occasioned by the Qing government’s refusal to permit the importation of opium into its territories. The victorious British imposed the one-sided Treaty of Nanking on China.

Question 11

Bannermen

Answer 11

Hereditary military servants of the Qing empire, in large part descendants of peoples of various origins who had fought for the founders of the empire.

Question 12

Treaty of Nanking

Answer 12

The treaty that concluded the Opium War. It awarded Britain a large indemnity from the Qing Empire, denied the Qing government tariff control over some of its own borders, opened additional ports of residence to Britons, and ceded the island of Hong Kong to Britain.

Question 13

treaty ports

Answer 13

Cities opened to foreign residents as a result of the forced treaties between the Qing Empire and foreign signatories. In the treaty ports, foreigners enjoyed extraterritoriality.

Question 14

most-favored-nations status

Answer 14

A clause in a commercial treaty that awards to any later signatories all the privileges previously granted to the original signatories.

Question 15

Taiping Rebellion

Answer 15

A Christian-inspired rural rebellion that threatened to topple the Qing Empire.