Chapter 24 - Drugs Used To Treat Infectious Disease

Question 1

Factors that place a patient at risk for developing an antimicrobial resistance organism include

Answer 1

Inappropriate use of anti-microbials

Question 2

Infants and young children are at higher risk of developing antibiotic resistant infections due to

Answer 2

The fact the children this age are more likely to be in daycare and exposed to pathogens from other children

Question 3

Provider should use an antibiogram when prescribing. An antibiogram is

Answer 3

A chart of the local resistance patterns to anabiotic’s developed by laboratories

Question 4

There is often cross sensitivity and cross resistance between penicillins and cephalosporins because

Answer 4

Both drug classes contain a beta lactam ring that is vulnerable to Betalactamase producing organisms

Question 5

Jonathan has been diagnosed with strep throat and needs a prescription for an antibiotic. He says the last time he had penicillin he developed a red, blotchy rash. An appropriate antibiotic to prescribe would be:

Answer 5

Azithromycin

Question 6

Sarah is a 25-year-old female who is eight weeks pregnant and has a urinary tract infection. What would be the appropriate anabiotic to prescribe for her

Answer 6

Amoxicillin

Question 7

Pong-tai Is a 12 month old child who is being treated with amoxicillin for the cute otitis media. His parents call the clinic and say he has developed diarrhea. The appropriate action would be to:

Answer 7

Advise the parents did some diarrhea is normal with amoxicillin and recommended probiotics daily

Question 8

Lauren is a 13-year-old child who comes to the clinic with a four day history of cough, low-grade fever, and rhinorrhea. When she blows her nose or cough’s, the mucus is greenish yellow. The appropriate anabiotic to prescribe would be

Answer 8

None

Question 9

Joanna had a small ventricle septal defect repaired when she was three years old and has no residual cardiac problems. She is now 28 and is requesting prophylactic anabiotic‘s for an upcoming dental visit. The appropriate anabiotic to prescribe according to current American College of cardiology and American heart Association guidelines is

Answer 9

None. No anabiotic is required for dental procedures

Question 10

To prevent further development of anti-bacterial resistance it is recommended that floral quinolones be reserved for treatment of

Answer 10

Community acquired pneumonia in patients with Comorbidities

Question 11

Fluoroquinolones. Have a black box warning regarding-—even months after treatment

Answer 11

Tendon rupture

Question 12

Janet was recently treated with Clindamycin for an infection. She calls the advice nurse because she is having frequent diarrhea and she thinks it may have blood in it. What would be the appropriate care for her

Answer 12

Assess her for pseudo membranous colitis

Question 13

King has chronic hepatitis that has led to mildly impaired liver function. He has an infection that would be best treated by a macrolide. Which would be the choice for a patient with liver dysfunction

Answer 13

Erythromycin

Question 14

Jamie has glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and requires an anabiotic. Which class of anabiotic’s should be avoided in this patient

Answer 14

Sulfonamides

Question 15

Tetracyclines such as minocycline are safe to use in

Answer 15

Adolescents

Question 16

Tetracyclines should not be prescribed to children younger than eight years old due to

Answer 16

Adverse affects on bone growth

Question 17

Nicole is a 16-year-old female who is taking minocycline for acne. She comes to the clinic complaining of a headache. What would be the plan of care

Answer 17

Evaluate her for pseudotremor cerebri

Question 18

Patricia has been prescribed doxycycline for Chlamydia infection. She is healthy and her only medication is an oral combined contraceptive. Patricias education would include

Answer 18

Use a back up method of birth control until her next menses

Question 19

To prevent the development of peripheral neuropathy in patients taking isoniazid for tuberculosis the patient is also prescribed

Answer 19

Vitamin B6 pyridoxine

Question 20

Sadie is an 82-year-old patient who has herpes zoster – shingles and would benefit from an antiviral such as valacyclovir year. Prior to prescribing Valacyclovir she will need an assessment of

Answer 20

Renal function

Question 21

When prescribing acyclovir Patient should be educated regarding the

Answer 21

Need to drink lots of fluids during treatment

Question 22

Nicholas has been diagnosed with type a influenza. Appropriate prescribing of oseltamivir Tamiflu will include

Answer 22

Starting the medication within the first 48 hours of influenza symptoms.

Question 23

Monitoring for patients who are On long-term care with antifungal therapy with ketoconazole includes

Answer 23

AST, a LT, alkaline phosphatase, and Bilirubin

Question 24

When prescribing metronidazole a.k.a. Flagyl, to treat bacterial vaginosis, patient education would include

Answer 24

Consuming alcohol in any form may cause a severe reaction

Question 25

Every antibiotic class has resistant organisms that influence prescribing decisions.

True or false

Answer 25

True