Chapter 24: Assessing Musculoskeletal System

Question 1

One of the functions of a bone is to

a. store fat.
b. produce secretions.
c. produce blood cells.
d. store protein.

Answer 1

c. produce blood cells

Question 2

Bones contain yellow marrow that is composed mainly of

a. fat.
b. protein.
c. cartilage.
d. carbohydrates.

Answer 2

a. fat

Question 3

The external covering of the bone that contains osteoblasts and blood vessels is termed the

a. cartilage.
b. synovial membrane.
c. connective tissue.
d. periosteum.

Answer 3

d. periosteum

Question 4

Skeletal muscles are attached to bones by

a. tendons.
b. cartilage.
c. fibrous connective tissue.
d. ligaments.

Answer 4

a. tendons

Question 5

Joints may be classified as cartilaginous, synovial, or

a. articulate.
b. flexible.
c. immobile.
d. fibrous.

Answer 5

d. fibrous

Question 6

Bones in synovial joints are joined together by

a. cartilage.
b. ligaments.
c. tendons.
d. periosteal tissue.

Answer 6

b. ligaments

Question 7

When the nurse moves the client’s arm away from the midline of the body, the nurse is performing

a. adduction.
b. external rotation.
c. retraction.
d. abduction.

Answer 7

d. abduction

Question 8

When the nurse moves a client’s leg upward, the nurse is performing

a. supination.
b. external rotation.
c. eversion.
d. internal rotation.

Answer 8

a. supination

Question 9

The subacromial bursa are contained in the

a. temporomandibular joint.
b. shoulder joint.
c. elbow joint.
d. wrist joint.

Answer 9

b. shoulder joint

Question 10

Articulation between the head of the femur and the acetabulum is in the

a. knee joint.
b. tibial joint.
c. ankle joint.
d. hip joint.

Answer 10

d. hip joint

Question 11

Moving limbs toward median plane of body

Answer 11

Adduction

Question 11

Inflammation of the bursa

Answer 11

Bursitis

Question 12

Tenderness or pain in the muscle

Answer 12

Myalgia

Question 13

Type of rigidity characterized by jerky movements with passive stretching

Answer 13

Cogwheel

Question 14

Backward bending or flexion of a joint

Answer 14

Dorsiflexion

Question 15

Cracking sound or sensation heard or felt within joint movements

Answer 15

Crepitus

Question 16

Movement that brings a limb into or toward a bent condition

Answer 16

Flexion

Question 17

Type of flexion associate with foot extension

Answer 17

Plantar

Question 18

Movement bringing a limb into or toward a straight condition

Answer 18

Extension

Question 19

Abnormal convexity of the posterior curve of spine

Answer 19

Kyphosis

Question 20

A client visits the clinic and tells the nurse that she has joint pain in her hands, especially in the morning. The nurse should assess the client further for signs and symptoms of

a. arthritis.
b. osteoporosis.
c. carpal tunnel syndrome.
d. a neurologic disorder.

Answer 20

a. arthritis

Question 21

A client with insulin-dependent diabetes visits the clinic and complains of painful hip joints. The nurse should assess the client carefully for signs and symptoms of

a. arthritis.
b. gait difficulties.
c. osteomyelitis.
d. scoliosis.

Answer 21

c. osteomyelitis

Question 22

A female client visits the clinic and tells the nurse that she began menarche at the age of 16 years. The nurse should instruct the client that she is at a higher risk for

a. osteoporosis.
b. osteomyelitis.
c. rheumatoid arthritis.
d. lordosis.

Answer 22

a. osteoporosis

Question 23

The nurse is planning a presentation on osteoporosis to a group of high school students.
Which of the following should the nurse plan to include in the presentation?

a. Bone density rises to a peak at age 50 for both sexes.
b. Bone density in the Asian population is higher than in the white population.
c. Moderate strenuous exercise tends to increase bone density.
d. Approximately 5 million fractures in the United States are due to osteoporosis.

Answer 23

c. Moderate strenuous exercise tends to increase bone density

Question 24

The nurse is caring for an adult client who is in a cast because of a fractured arm. To promote healing of the bone and tissue, the nurse should instruct the client to eat a diet that is high in

a. whole grains.
b. vitamin B.
c. vitamin E.
d. vitamin C.

Answer 24

d. vitamin C

Question 25

An adult client tells the nurse that he eats sardines every day. The nurse should instruct the client that a diet high in purines can contribute to

a. gouty arthritis.
b. osteomalacia.
c. bone fractures.
d. osteomyelitis.

Answer 25

a. gouty arthritis

Question 26

A client tells the nurse that his grandmother had a diagnosis of osteomalacia. The nurse should instruct the client that to decrease the risk factors for osteomalacia, the clients should have adequate amounts of

a. vitamin E.
b. riboflavin.
c. !-carotene.
d. vitamin D.

Answer 26

d. vitamin D

Question 27

The nurse is preparing to perform a musculoskeletal examination on an adult client. The nurse has explained the examination procedure to the client. The nurse determines that the client needs further instructions when the client says

a. “You will be asking me to change positions often.”
b. “You’ll be comparing bilateral joints.”
c. “You’ll be assessing the size and strength of my joints.”
d. “You’ll continue with range of motion even if I have discomfort.”

Answer 27

d. “You’ll continue with range of motion even if I have discomfort.”

Question 28

While assessing muscle strength in an older adult client, the nurse determines that the client’s knee joint has a rating of 3 and exhibits active motion against gravity. The nurse should document the client’s muscle strength as being/having

a. normal.
b. slight weakness.
c. average weakness.
d. poor range of motion

Answer 28

c. average weakness

Question 29

While assessing an adult client’s jaw, the nurse hears a clicking popping sound, and the client expresses pain in the joint. The nurse should further assess the client for

a. arthritis.
b. TMJ dysfunction.
c. bruxism.
d. previous fracture.

Answer 29

b. TMJ dysfunction

Question 30

While examining the spine of an adult client, the nurse notes that the client has a flattened lumbar curvature. The nurse should refer the client to a physician for possible

a. herniated disc.
b. scoliosis.
c. kyphosis.
d. cervical disc degeneration

Answer 30

a. herniated disc

Question 31

The nurse is assessing the spine of an adult client and detects lateral curvature of the thoracic spine with an increase in convexity on the left curved side. The nurse suspects that the client is experiencing

a. lordosis.
b. arthritis.
c. kyphosis.
d. scoliosis.

Answer 31

d. scoliosis

Question 32

A client visits the clinic and tells the nurse that he has had lower back pain for the past several days. To perform Lasègue’s test, the nurse should ask the client to

a. bend backward toward the nurse.
b. lean forward and touch his toes.
c. twist the shoulders in both directions.
d. lie flat and raise his leg to the point of pain.

Answer 32

d. lie flat and raise his leg to the point of pain

Question 33

An older adult client visits the clinic and tells the nurse that she has had shooting pain in both of her legs. The nurse should assess the client for signs and symptoms of

a. herniated intervertebral disc.
b. rheumatoid arthritis.
c. osteoporosis.
d. metastases.

Answer 33

a. herniated intervertebral disc

Question 34

While assessing the range of motion in an adult client’s shoulders, the client expresses pain and exhibits limited abduction and muscle weakness. The nurse plans to refer the client to a physician for possible

a. rotator cuff tear.
b. nerve damage.
c. cervical disc degeneration.
d. tendonitis.

Answer 34

a. rotator cuff tear

Question 35

While assessing an older adult client, the client complains of chronic pain and severe limitation of all shoulder movements. The nurse should refer the client to a physician for possible

a. rotator cuff tendonitis.
b. rheumatoid arthritis.
c. calcified tendinitis.
d. chronic bursitis.

Answer 35

c. calcified tendinitis

Question 36

A client visits the clinic and tells the nurse that after playing softball yesterday, he thinks his knee is “locking up.” The nurse should perform the McMurray’s test by asking the client to

a. move from a standing to a squatting position.
b. raise his leg while in a supine position.
c. bend forward while trying to touch the toes.
d. flex the knee and hip while in a supine position

Answer 36

b. raise his leg while in a supine position

Question 37

While assessing the elbow of an adult client, the client complains of pain and swelling. The nurse should further assess the client for

a. arthritis.
b. ganglion cyst.
c. carpal tunnel syndrome.
d. nerve damage.

Answer 37

a. arthritis

Question 38

While reviewing a client’s chart before seeing the client for the first time, the nurse notes that the client has a diagnosis of Dupuytren’s contracture. The nurse anticipates that the client will exhibit

a. inability to turn the wrists.
b. ulnar deviation of the hands.
c. flexion of the distal interphalangeal joints.
d. inability to extend the ring and little finger.

Answer 38

d. inability to extend the ring and little finger.