Chapter 24

Question 1

Containment

Answer 1

Containment is a geopolitical strategy to stop the expansion of an enemy.

Question 2

Cold War

Answer 2

a state of political hostility between countries characterized by threats, propaganda, and other measures short of open warfare, in particular.

Question 3

Truman Doctrine

Answer 3

the principle that the US should give support to countries or peoples threatened by Soviet forces or communist insurrection.

Question 4

Marshal Plan

Answer 4

Marshall Plan definition. A program by which the United States gave large amounts of economic aid to European countries to help them rebuild after the devastation of World War II.

Question 5

Nato

Answer 5

NATO, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, is a military alliance of European and North American democracies founded after World War II to strengthen international ties between member states—especially the United States and Europe—and to serve as a counter-balance to the Soviet Union and the Warsaw Pact.

Question 6

Warsaw Pact

Answer 6

Warsaw Pact definition. A military alliance of communist nations in eastern Europe. Organized in 1955 in answer to NATO, the Warsaw Pact included Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and the Soviet Union.

Question 7

Cuneiform

Answer 7

denoting or relating to the wedge-shaped characters used in the ancient writing systems of Mesopotamia, Persia, and Ugarit, surviving mainly impressed on clay tablets.

Question 8

Berlin Wall

Answer 8

Berlin Wall definition. Fortified concrete and wire barrier that separated East and West Berlin from 1961 to 1989.

Question 9

Khrushchev

Answer 9

Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev was a politician who led the Soviet Union during part of the Cold War.

Question 10

Mav Zedong

Answer 10

Mao Zedong or Mao Tse-tung, also known as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese communist revolutionary and founding father of the People’s Republic of China, which he governed as the Chairman of the Communist .

Question 11

Cuban missile crisis

Answer 11

Cuban missile crisis definition. A confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union in 1962 over the presence of missile sites in Cuba; one of the “hottest” periods of the cold war.

Question 12

Arms race

Answer 12

a competition between nations for superiority in the development and accumulation of weapons, especially between the US and the former Soviet Union during the Cold War.

Question 13

Satellite

Answer 13

Satellite Nation. Definition. A satellite state (sometimes referred to as a client state) is a political term that refers to a country that is formally independent, but under heavy influence or control by another country. Term.

Question 14

Domino theory

Answer 14

the theory that a political event in one country will cause similar events in neighboring countries, like a falling domino causing an entire row of upended dominoes to fall.

Question 15

East germany

Answer 15

East Germany definition. Former nation in north-central Europe, officially known as the German Democratic Republic from 1949 to 1990, when East and West Germany were reunited. Its capital and largest city was East Berlin.

Question 16

West Germany

Answer 16

West Germany is the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany or FRG (German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland or BRD; French: République fédérale d’Allemagne or RFA) in the period between its creation on 23 May 1949 to German reunification on 3 October 1990.

Question 17

The Peoples republic of China

Answer 17

China is a populous nation in East Asia whose vast landscape encompasses grassland, desert, mountains, lakes, rivers and more than 14,000km of coastline.

Question 18

The great leap forward

Answer 18

The Great Leap Forward (Chinese: 大跃进; pinyin: Dà yuè jìn) of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) was an economic and social campaign by the Communist Party of China (CPC) from 1958 to 1962.

Question 19

The cultural definition

Answer 19

relating to the ideas, customs, and social behavior of a society.

Question 20

The gang of four

Answer 20

The Gang of Four (simplified Chinese: 四人帮; traditional Chinese: 四人幫; pinyin: Sìrén bāng) was a political faction composed of four Chinese Communist Party officials.

Question 21

The reed guards

Answer 21

In 1966, a group of middle school students in Beijing named themselves “Chairman Mao’s Red Guards.” Mao’s support for them led to the name “Red Guard” being adopted by groups who were sanctioned by Mao and his supporters to “rebel against the system” all over China.

Question 22

Bay of Pigs

Answer 22

The Bay of Pigs Museum, also known as the Brigade 2506 Museum and Library is located in Miami’s Little Havana neighborhood. It commemorates the men of Brigade 2506 and their efforts in the Bay of Pigs Invasion

Question 23

Space Race

Answer 23

The Space Race between the Soviet Union and the United States begins. Nov. 3, 1957: The Soviet Union launches Sputnik 2 with the first living passenger, the dog Laika, aboard. … Jan. 2, 1959: The U.S.S.R. launches Luna 1, which misses the moon but becomes the first artificial object to leave Earth orbit.

Question 24

The iron curtain

Answer 24

The Iron Curtain was the name for the boundary dividing Europe into two separate areas from the end of World War II in 1945 until the end of the Cold War in 1991.

Question 25

Sputnik

Answer 25

each of a series of Soviet artificial satellites, the first of which (launched on October 4, 1957) was the first satellite to be placed in orbit.

Question 26

PRI party

Answer 26

The Institutional Revolutionary Party is a Mexican political party founded in 1929, that held power uninterruptedly in the country for 71 years from 1929 to 2000, first as the National Revolutionary

Question 27

samosa

Answer 27

A samosa, or samoosa, is a fried or baked dish with a savoury filling, such as spiced potatoes, onions, peas, lentils, macaroni or noodles. Pine nuts can also be added.

Question 28

sandinista

Answer 28

The Sandinista National Liberation Front is now a democratic socialist political party in Nicaragua. Its members are called Sandinistas in both English and Spanish.

Question 29

Guerrilla

Answer 29

a member of a small independent group taking part in irregular fighting, typically against larger regular forces.

Question 30

Pinochet

Answer 30

Augusto José Ramón Pinochet Ugarte was a Chilean general, politician and the military ruler of Chile between 1973 and 1990; he remained the Commander-in-Chief of the Chilean Army until 1998.

Question 31

Fidel castro

Answer 31

Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz was a Cuban revolutionary and politician who governed the Republic of Cuba as Prime Minister from 1959 to 1976 and then as President from 1976 to 2008

Question 32

Batista

Answer 32

Fulgencio Batista y Zaldívar) 1901–73, Cuban military leader: dictator of Cuba 1934–40; president 1940–44, 1952–59.

Question 33

Juan Peron

Answer 33

Juan Domingo Perón was an Argentine lieutenant general and politician

Question 34

Eva Peron

Answer 34

María Eva Duarte de Perón was the second wife of Argentine President Juan Perón and served as the First Lady of Argentina from 1946 until her death in 1952.

Question 35

Organization

Answer 35

an organized body of people with a particular purpose, especially a business, society, association,

Question 36

Dooms day

Answer 36

the last day of the world’s existence.

Question 37

Sphere of influence

Answer 37

a country or area in which another country has power to affect developments although it has no formal authority.

Question 38

Cooperatives

Answer 38

nvolving mutual assistance in working toward a common goal.

Question 39

Richard Nixon

Answer 39

Richard Milhous Nixon was an American politician who served as the 37th President of the United States from 1969 until 1974, when he became the only U.S. president to resign from office.

Question 40

Henry kissinger

Answer 40

Henry Alfred Kissinger is an American diplomat and political scientist who served as the Secretary of State and National Security Advisor under the presidential administrations of Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford.

Question 41

Operation Bootstrap

Answer 41

Operation Bootstrap (Spanish: Operación Manos a la Obra) is the name given to a series of projects which transformed the economy of Puerto Rico into an industrial and developed one.

Question 42

Prague Spring

Answer 42

The Prague Spring was a period of political liberalization in Czechoslovakia during the era of its domination by the Soviet Union after World War II.

Question 43

Duvalier

Answer 43

François Duvalier, also known as Papa Doc, was the President of Haiti from 1957 to 1971. He was elected president in 1957 on a populist and black nationalist platform and successfully thwarted a coup d’état in 1958.

Question 44

Salvador Allende

Answer 44

Salvador Guillermo Allende Gossens was a Chilean physician and politician, known as the first Marxist to become president of a Latin American country through open elections.

Question 45

detente

Answer 45

the easing of hostility or strained relations, especially between countries.

Question 46

Dissidence

Answer 46

protest against official policy; dissent.

Question 47

Helsinki Accords

Answer 47

The Helsinki Final Act was an agreement signed by 35 nations that concluded the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe, held in Helsinki, Finland.