Chapter 24

Question 0

The national government helped to finance transcontinental railroad construction in the late nineteenth century by providing railroad corporations with…

A. Land grants

B. Reduced prices for iron and steel

C. Aid for construction of railroad stations

D. Cash grants from higher tariffs

E. Cash grants from new taxes

Answer 0

A - Land Grants

Question 1

During the Gilded Age, most of the railroad barons…

A. Focused on public service

B. Relied exclusively on Chinese labor

C. Refused to get involved in politics

D. Rejected government assistance

E. Built their railroads with government assistance

Answer 1

E - Built their railroads with government assistance.

Question 2

One by-product of the development of the railroads was…

A. Fewer big cities

B. The movement of people to cities

C. A scattering of the U.S. Population

D. A reduction in immigration to the United States

E. A loss of population in the east

Answer 2

B - The movement of people to cities.

Question 3

The greatest single factor helping to spur the amazing industrialization of the post-Civil War years was…

A. Agriculture

B. The railroad network

C. The steel industry

D. Mining

E. Electric power

Answer 3

B - The railroad network.

Question 4

The United States changed to standard time zones when…

A. The major rail lines decreed the division of the continent into 4 time zones so that they could keep schedules and avoid wrecks

B. Congress passed a law establishing this system

C. Factories demanded standard time schedules

D. Long-distance telephones required standard time coordination

E. All of these

Answer 4

A

Question 5

The first federal regulatory agency designed to protect the public interest from business combinations was the?

A. Federal Anti-Trust Commission

B. Federal Trade Commission

C. Consumer Affairs Commission

D. Interstate Commerce Commission

E. Federal Communications Commission

Answer 5

D - Interstate Commerce Commission

Question 6

One of the most significant aspects of the Interstate Commerce Act was that it…

A. Failed to prohibit some of the worst abuses of big businesses, such as pools and rebates

B. Revolutionized the business system

C. Actually did nothing to control the abuses of big businesses

D. Represented the first large-scale attempt by the federal government to regulate business

E. Invoked the Constitution’s Interstate Commerce clause

Answer 6

D

Question 7

After the Civil War, the plentiful supply of unskilled labor in the United States…

A. Increasingly found work in agriculture

B. Helped to build the nation into an industrial giant

C. Came almost exclusively from rural America

D. Was almost entirely native born

E. Was not a significant force, because industrialization required skilled workers

Answer 7

B - Helped to build the nation into an industrial giant

Question 8

Match each entrepreneur with the field of enterprise with which he is historically identified.

A. Andrew Carnegie
B. John D. Rockefeller
C. J.P. Morgan
D. James Duke

1. Steel
2. Oil
3. Tobacco
4. Banking

Answer 8

E: A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3

Question 9

J.P. Morgan monitored his competition by placing offers of his bank on the boards of companies that he wanted to control. This method was known as a(n)?

A. Holding company

B. Pool

C. Trust

D. Vertical integration

E. Interlocking dictorate

Answer 9

E - Interlocking Dictorate

Question 10

America’s first billion-dollar corporation was?

A. American Telephone and Telegraph

B. General Electric (GE)

C. Standard Oil

D. The Union Pacific Railroad

E. United Staes Steel

Answer 10

E - United States Steel

Question 11

The first major product of the oil industry was?

A. Heating oil

B. Lighter fluid

C. Natural gas

D. Gasoline

E. Kerosene

Answer 11

E - Kerosene

Question 12

The oil industry became a huge business…

A. When it was taken over by the government

B. With the invention of the internal combustion engine

C. When oil was discovered in Texas

D. When Diesel engines were perfected

E. With the building of electric generator plants

Answer 12

B - With the invention of the internal combustion engine.

Question 13

John D. Rockefeller used all of the following tactics to achieve success in the oil industry except?

A. Employing spies

B. Pursuing a policy of rule or ruin

C. Showing the mercy to his competitors

D. Extorting rebates from railroads

E. Using high-pressure sales methods

Answer 13

C - Showing mercy to his competitors.

Question 14

The gospel of wealth, which associated godliness with wealth,

A. Inspired the wealthy to try to help the poor

B. Discourage efforts to help the poor

C. Stimulated efforts to help minorities

D. Relied on the sayings of Jesus

E. Was opposed by most clergymen

Answer 14

B - Discouraged efforts to help the poor.

Question 15

The ___ Amendment was especially helpful to giant corporations when defending themselves against regulation by state governments.

A. 16th

B. 5th

C. 15th

D. 14th

E. 17th

Answer 15

D - 14th

Question 16

The Sherman Anti-Trust Act was at first primarily used to curb the power of…

A. Railroad corporations

B. Manufacturing corporations

C. Banking syndicates

D. State legislatures

E. Labor unions

Answer 16

E - Labor Unions

Question 17

During the age of industrialization, the South…

A. Held to its “Old South” ideology

B. Received preferential treatment from the railroads

C. Remained overwhelmingly rural and agricultural

D. Turned away from agriculture

E. Took full advantage of the new economic trends

Answer 17

C - Remained overwhelmingly rural and agricultural.

Question 18

The South’s major attraction for potential investors was?

A. Readily available raw materials

B. Cheap labor

C. A warm climate

D. Ethnic diversity

E. Good transportation

Answer 18

B - Cheap Labor

Question 19

One of the greatest changes that industrialization brought about the lives of workers was?

A. The need for them to adjust their lives to the time clock

B. The narrowing of class divisions

C. Their movement to the suburbs

D. The encounter with other races

E. The opportunity to relearn the ideals of Thomas Jefferson

Answer 19

A

Question 20

The group most affected by the new Industrial Age was?

A. African-Americans

B. Southerners

C. Native Americans

D. Women

E. Small town residents

Answer 20

D - Women

Question 21

Most women workers of the 1890s worked for…

A. Glamor

B. The service sector

C. Economic necessity

D. Independence

E. Personal spending money

Answer 21

C - Economic necessity

Question 22

Generally, the Supreme Court in the late 19th century interpreted the constitution in such a way as to favor…

A. Corporations

B. State regulatory agencies

C. Individual entrepreneurs

D. Labor unions

E. Independent workers and craftsmen

Answer 22

A - Corporations

Question 23

The Knights of Labor believed that conflict between capital and labor would disappear when…

A. Labor would own and operate businesses and industries

B. The government owned the means of production

C. Workers accepted the concept of craft unions

D. Business would understand the principles of social justice

E. Labor controlled the government

Answer 23

A - Labor would own and operate businesses and industries

Question 24

The most effective and most enduring labor union of the post-Civil War period was the?

A. Congress of Industrial Organizations

B. National Labor Union

C. Knights of Labor

D. Knights of Columbus

E. American Federation of Labor

Answer 24

E - American Federation of Labor

Question 25

Some people who found fault with the captains of industry argued that these men…

A. Failed to develop the industrial system quickly

B. Retarded technological advance

C. Were basically socialists

D. Diminished the workers’ quality of life

E. Tried to take the United States back to its old values

Answer 25

D - Diminished the workers’ quality of life.