Chapter 24-26

Question 1

Kristallnacht

Answer 1

“Night of broken glass”; referred to broken glass littering the streets following the anti-Jewish violence among Germany and Austria.

Question 2

SS St. Louis

Answer 2

Ship that was denied access to land in Cuba when notified of the 930 Jewish refugees on board.

Question 3

Wannsee Conference

Answer 3

Held in Berlin to determine the final solution of the Jewish question.

Question 4

Final Solution

Answer 4

Collect Jews into concentration camps and extermination camps.

Question 5

Where were most of the extermination camps located?

Answer 5

Poland.

Question 6

Lend Lease Act

Answer 6

The United States would be able to lend or lease arms to any country considered “vital to the defense of the United States.”

Question 7

Nuremberg Laws

Answer 7

Took citizenship away from Jewish Germans and banned marriage between Jews and other Germans.

Question 8

Hemisphere Defense Zone

Answer 8

Roosevelt declared that the entire western half of the Atlantic was part of the Western Hemisphere and therefore neutral.

Question 9

How did FDR override the Neutrality Act?

Answer 9

In exchange for the right to build American bases in Newfoundland, Roosevelt sent 50 destroyers p; did not include a sale.

Question 10

What influenced Japan’s decision to attack the Unite States?

Answer 10

Roosevelt’s economic pressures; lend-lease aid to China; Oil Embargo.

Question 11

Cost-Plus

Answer 11

The government agreed to pay a company whatever it cost to make a product plus a guaranteed percentage of cost as profit.

Question 12

G.I.

Answer 12

Clothing issued by the government.

Question 13

Tuskegee Airmen

Answer 13

First African American Air Force unit - trained in Tuskegee, Alabama

Question 14

What was the auto industry’s contribution?

Answer 14

Produced trucks, jeeps, and tanks; artillery, rifles, mines, helmets pontoon bridges, cooking pots, etc.

Question 15

What was the role of women?

Answer 15

Assigned administrative and clerical jobs. WAC allowed women to enlist in the army, Cost Guard, the navy, and marines.

Question 16

“Rosie the Riveter”

Answer 16

A character from a popular song who worked in a factory while her boyfriend was at war.

Question 17

Executive Order 8802

Answer 17

“There shall be no discrimination in the employment of workers in defense industries or government because of race, creed, color, or natural origin.”

Question 18

Bracero Program

Answer 18

Mexican farm workers were arranged to help in the harvest due to lack of workers.

Question 19

Korematsu v. The United States

Answer 19

Ruled the relocation of the Japanese constitutional because it was not on race, but on “military urgency.” Korematsu argued his rights had been violated.

Question 20

442 Regimental combat Team

Answer 20

All-Japanese battalion, most highly decorated unit in WWII.

Question 21

Victory Gardens

Answer 21

Any land was encouraged to be a garden to produce food for the war effort.

Question 22

How did WWII affect the U.S. Economy?

Answer 22

The government raised taxes to cover 45% the cost of war. The government required loans from the people - succeeding over $300bill

Question 23

Fall of the Philippines

Answer 23

After bombing Pearl Harbor, the Japanese attacked American airfield in the Philippines, outnumbering the Americans greatly.

Question 24

Bataan death march

Answer 24

After surgery, the 78,000 prisoners were forced to march 65 miles to a Japanese prison camp.

Question 25

How did the Doolittle raid help determine Japan’s strategy in the Pacific?

Answer 25

American teams located in Hawaii had already broken the code and alerted the United States prior to the attack.

Question 26

Why did FDR decide to invade Morocco and Algeria instead of opening a second front against Germany in Europe?

Answer 26

InVision woodgrain experience to the troops and the Americans and British troops in Egypt.

Question 27

Where the Americans able to win the battle of the Atlantic?

Answer 27

American maybe set up a convoy system, allowing ships to now travel in groups. Radar, sonar, and death charges for the advance the feat.

Question 28

Stalingrad

Answer 28

Hitler attempted to capture oil fields in Stalingrad, however Stalin hoarded the city with troops, forcing the Germans to surrender. Germany then went on the defensive more rather than offensive.

Question 29

Operation overloard

Answer 29

The codename for the planned invasion on France.

Question 30

General Eisenhower

Answer 30

Eisenhower was selected by the president to command invasion on France.

Question 31

D-Day

Answer 31

June 6, 1944; Eisenhower referred to the date of the French invasion after the letter D-thus adopting the name.

Question 32

General MacArthur

Answer 32

Commanded the American troops in the Philippines airfield. He fled to Bataan peninsula using the terrain to survive for several months.

Question 33

Kamikaze

Answer 33

“Divine wind”; pilots deliberately crash their planes into American ships.

Question 34

Churchhill and Roosevelt agree to at the Casablanca conference?

Answer 34

“The progress of distraction of the German military, industrial, and economic system.” The allies been targeted journey with intensive bombing and soon Italy.

Question 35

Describe the development of the war in Italy from July 1943 to May, 1945.

Answer 35

The king had Mussolini under arrest and the new government began negotiating with the allies for Italy surrender. German troops immediately attacked Italy and the allies pressured for five months until able to break through the German lines.

Question 36

What agreements were made with Stalin at the conference in Tehran?

Answer 36

Stahlin promise to watch a full scale offense against the Germans; Roosevelt installing would break up Germany post war;The Soviet union will assist the US with Japan as well as a national organization to keep peace.

Question 37

What were the cost of retaking the Philippines?

Answer 37

80,000 Japanese casualties; 100,000 civilians dead.

Question 38

Battle of the Bulge

Answer 38

African-Americans fought in NW. Europe in the 614th tank destroyer Battalion, winning multiple stars and hearts.

Question 39

V-E Day

Answer 39

The Americans raced across the Ludendorff bridge, driving back to German defenders. The Soviet union then joined, causing for the defeat of Germany or “victory in Europe.”

Question 40

Harry Truman

Answer 40

President following Roosevelt. Endorsed the launch of nuclear warfare on Japan.

Question 41

Okinawa

Answer 41

Americans intended to make a military base near Japan to prepare for the invasion.

Question 42

Manhattan project

Answer 42

The American program to build an atomic bomb-led by General Wesley R Groves

Question 43

V-J Day

Answer 43

August 15, 1945-the day Japan surrendered.

Question 44

United Nations

Answer 44

Delegates from the 39 countries meant to discuss the new organization, referred to as the UN.

Question 45

What was the Allied strategy during the closing days of the war?

Answer 45

America and Britain liberated the French while the Soviet union attacked to Russia

Question 46

What happened to Hitler is the allies closed in on Britain?

Answer 46

He committed suicide and gave his position to Admiral Karl Doenitz

Question 47

Why did the US decide to take Iwo Jima?

Answer 47

The location was conveniently between them Mariannas and Japan. The American troops captured the island despite brutal elimination of the fleet

Question 48

Why did the American B-29s begin to drop bombs with napalm in Tokyo and other cities?

Answer 48

If the bombs missed their targets, the fire would eliminate the intended targets. The Tokyo bombing killed over 80,000 people and destroyed more than 250,000 buildings.

Question 49

Why didnt Japan surrender following the capture of Okinawa as the Emperor and others wanted to?

Answer 49

The emperor was required to stay in power but the Americans wanted him removed as they blamed him for the war.

Question 50

Cold War

Answer 50

Era of confrontation and competition between the United States and the Soviet Union.

Question 51

Iron Curtain

Answer 51

A concept that conveyed the distinct differences and ideas between the United States and Soviet Union.

Question 52

Major agreements were made at the Yalta conference?

Answer 52

Polish government was recognized to be set up by the Soviets; the right of all people to choose the form of government under which they live; Germany would be divided among the great powers.

Question 53

How did the potsdam conference further hurt Soviet-American relations?

Answer 53

The Soviets insisted on heavy reparations and was unwilling to except the American agreements. Stalin referenced his success in atomic bombing before accepting the conditions.

Question 54

Policy of containment

Answer 54

Keeping communism within its present territory for the use of diplomatic, economic, military actions.

Question 55

Truman doctrine

Answer 55

Aid “free people who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures.”

Question 56

Marshall plan

Answer 56

If European nations American aid to rebuild their economics

Question 57

Berlin airlift

Answer 57

Cargo planes provide Berlin with food, medicine, and coal for 11 months, conveying American determination to standby Berlin.

Question 58

NATO

Answer 58

Mutual defense alliance containing 12 countries

Question 59

Warsaw Pact

Answer 59

To Warsaw act was a military alliance in Eastern Europe.