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OMFS Secrets > Chapter 23: Applied Orofacial Anatomy > Flashcards

Chapter 23: Applied Orofacial Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 bones that make up the nose?

A
  1. Maxilla: frontal process of the maxilla
  2. Frontal: nasal process of frontal bone
  3. Nasal bones
  4. Vomer: contributes to the septum
  5. Ethmoid: perpendicular plate of the ethmoid contributes to the septum
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2
Q

What embryonic structures form the eternal nose?

A
  1. Maxillary process
  2. Lateral nasal process
  3. Medial nasal process
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3
Q

From the top down, what are the bones and cartilages that make up the external nose?

A
  1. Nasal bones and frontal process of the maxilla
  2. Below the nasal bones, the upper lateral nasal (alar) cartilages for the body of the nasal bridge.
  3. Below the upper lateral nasal cartilages are the lower nasal (alar) cartilages which has the lateral crus and medial crus… which make up the “rims”of the nares
  4. Minor cartilages called sesamoid (minor alar) cartilage provides support to the lateral cartilage as the nose meets the cheek
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4
Q

What are the bones and cartilages that make up the nasal septum

A

The nasal septum has a quadrangular cartilage made that is midline and joins the lateral nasal cartilage; traveling posteriorly the cartilage meets and joins the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid superiorly and the vomer inferiorly

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5
Q

What is the blood supply for the external nose?

A
  1. Upper dorsum: dorsal nasal artery (branch of ophthalmic artery>ICA)
  2. Mid dorsum/ lateral dorsum: Angular artery, lateral nasal artery (branches of facial artery>ECA)
  3. Lower dorsum: external nasal branch of the anterior ethmoid artery (branch of ophthalmic artery >ICA)
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6
Q

What is the blood supply for the internal nose?

A
  1. Sphenopalatine (terminal branch of iMax>ECA)
  2. Greater palatine artery (terminal branch of iMax>ECA)
  3. Anterior ethmoid artery (branch of ophthalmic>ICA)
  4. Posterior ethmoid artery (branch of ophthalmic>ICA)
  5. Superior labial artery (branch of facial>ECA)
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7
Q

What is Keisellbach’s plexus?

A

Internal blood supply of nose that consists of 4-5 arteries:

  1. Nasopalatine (branch of sphenopalatine >facial>ECA)
  2. Greater palatine
  3. Anterior ethmoid
  4. Superior labial artery
  5. Posterior ethmoid… sometimes not included
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8
Q

What percentage of anterior epistaxis does Keisellbach’s plexus make up?

A

90%

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9
Q

Where does the sphenoid sinus drain?

A

Sphenoethmoidal recess

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10
Q

Where do the posterior ethmoid sinuses drain?

A

Superior nasal meatus

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11
Q

Where does the nasolacrimal duct drain?

A

Inferior nasal meatus

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12
Q

Where does the frontal sinus, maxillary sinus, anterior ethmoid sinus and middle ethmoid sinus drain?

A

Middle nasal meatus

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13
Q

What nerves innervate the ear?

A

CNV3- auriculotemporal branch (upper ear)
CNVII- auricular branch (conchal bowl & canal)
CNIX- glossopharyngeal (conchal bowl & canal and middle ear)
CNX- vagus (conchal bowl & auditory canal)
C2,C3- greater auricular (lower ear)

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14
Q

What part of the ear does the auriculotemporal branch of CNV3 innervate?

A

root helix, crus, tragus & superior canal (upper ear)

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15
Q

What part of the ear does the auricular branch of CNVII innervate?

A

concha and canal

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16
Q

What is Arnold’s nerve? What portion of the ear does it supply?

A

Arnold’s nerve is a branch of the vagus nerve (CNX) and innervates the concha and the auditory canal

17
Q

What is Jacobson’s nerve? What portion of the ear does it supply?

A

Jacobson’s nerve is a branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve (CNIX) and innervates the concha, canal and middle ear

18
Q

What is the sensory innervation to the larynx?

A

Vagus nerve (CNX) innervates via 2 branches:

  1. internal laryngeal
  2. recurrent laryngeal
19
Q

What sensory innervation does the internal laryngeal branch provide?

A

Sensation to the mucous membranes ABOVE the vocal cords

20
Q

What sensory innervation does the recurrent laryngeal branch provide?

A

Sensation to the mucous membranes BELOW the vocal cords

21
Q

What are the 7 bones that make up the orbital cavity?

A
  1. lacrimal
  2. ethmoid
  3. palatine
  4. frontal
  5. sphenoid
  6. zygoma
  7. maxilla
22
Q

What is Whitnall’s tubercle?

A

A bony protuberance on the lateral orbital wall that is an attachment point to the:

  1. lateral horn of the levator aponeurosis
  2. lateral palpebral ligament
  3. lateral check ligament
23
Q

Where is Whitnall’s tubercle located?

A

Approx 5mm posterior to the lateral orbital rim on the lateral orbital wall

OMFS Secrets (5 decks)

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