Chapter 23 Flashcards
The lining of the oral cavity is referred to as what?
Oral Mucosa or Oral Mucous Membrane
What type of epithelial is the oral mucous membrane?
Stratified Squamous Epithelial arrangement that runs from the margins of the lips posteriorly to the area of the tonsils.
What is the area behind the tonsils and in the posterior throat wall referred to as?
The Pharyngeal Mucosa
What are the three categories of mucosa within the oral cavity?
- Specialized Mucosa
- Masticatory Mucosa
- Lining Mucosa
Where can you find the specialized mucosa?
on the upper surface or dorsum of the tongue.
Where can you find the Masticatory Mucosa?
It comprises the gingiva and hard palatal tissue; It undergoes trauma or compression during mastication.
Where can you find the Lining Mucosa?
All other areas of the oral mucosa.
What are the characteristics of stratified squamous epithelium?
- Keratinized
- Parakeratinized
- Nonkeratinized
Keratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium
On its surface are layers of dead cells without nuclei. Generally called the stratum corneum.
Parakeratinized Stratified Epithelium
On its surface are some dead cells without nuclei and some apparently dying cells with slightly shriveled nuclei.
Nonkeratinized Stratified Epithelium
Cells on the surface all tend to have nuclei that appear fairly healthy and normal.
What type of stratified squamous cells make up the Lining Mucosa?
Nonkeratinized and Parakeritanized and is movable.
What makes up the Lining Mucosa?
The mucosa of the cheeks, lips, soft palate, floor of the mouth beneath the tongue, undersurface or ventral surface of the tongue and the alveolar mucosa.
What makes up the Masticatory Mucosa?
The Gingiva and Hard Palate
What two regions is the gingiva divided into?
- Free Gingiva (marginal gingiva)
2. Attached Gingiva
The two regions of gingiva combine to form what?
The peak of gingiva that extends coronally between the teeth, known as the Interdental Papilla.
What is the function of the Interdental Papilla?
To prevent food from impacting interproxiamally beneath the contact are of the teeth.
The part of the interdental papilla that is apical to the contact area and connects the facial and lingual interdental papilla is known as what?
The col
What is the very shallow groove around the tooth known as?
The Sulcus
What is the average depth of the sulcus measured with a periodontal probe?
2mm-3mm
What epithelium lines the sulcus?
Stratified Squamous
At the bottom of the sulcus the epithelium is continuous with the cells that attaches to the tooth, this is known as what?
Attachment Epithelium (Junctional Epithelium)
What happens to the sulcus with periodontal disease?
It deepens because of the boneless
What is the Free Gingival Groove?
The shallow groove on the gingival surface that corresponds to its depth.
What does the interdental papilla do when it is healthy?
It fills the between the teeth to keep food from lodging
Attached Gingiva
Tightly attached to the underlying connective tissue and bone.
When the attached gingiva is healthy what does it look like?
Stippled or dimpled appearance.
What is Rete Pegs?
The Stippling look that look like an orange peel.
In periodontal disease, what is the first sign of of gingival problems?
Loss of stippling due to edema.
What is the normal color of the gingiva?
Pink
What might diseased gingiva look like?
Reddish, whitish, may have ulcerations or outgrowths of the mucosa.
Why is there a loss of stippling where the attached gingiva meets the alveolar mucosa?
Because the epithelium is not attached tightly to the bone.
What mucosa in the oral cavity is the thickest most likely to be keratinized?
The Palatal Mucosa
What is the Alveolar Mucosa?
Runs from the gingiva to the area of the mucobuccal or mucolabial fold.
What is the Buccal Mucosa?
The mucosa of the cheek, it is constantly traumatized by chewing.
When the buccal mucosa become thickened and keratinized in a line corresponding to the occlusal surfaces of the teeth is called what?
Linea Alba
What is the Labial Mucosa?
Can have trauma to the lip that can cause some thickening .
At the Labial Mucosa, trauma more frequently happens to a minor salivary gland that causes a blisterlike lesion known as what?
Mucocele
What can happen when the mucosa of the soft palate falls blocking the throat?
Sleep apnea
How is the epithelium like at the sublingual gingiva and ventral surface of the tongue?
Very Thin
What is the Submucosa?
- The connective tissue beneath the mucosa that contains blood vessels and nerves and also helps determine the mobility of the mucosa by the length of its connective tissue ridges and pegs.
- Not present in all areas of the mouth
What does the Submucosa look like when it is present?
It contains fatty tissue or a minor salivary gland or both.
