Chapter 22 (WWI) Flashcards
Who developed the quantum theory of matter?
Max Planck
Who is the “Father of Nuclear Science”?
Ernest Rutherford
Who produced the planetary model of the atom?
Niels Bohr
Who is known for the theories of relativity?
Albert Einstein
Who is the best-remembered American agricultural scientist?
George Washington Carver
Who theorised that diseases such as yellow fever came from mosquitoes?
Dr. Carlos Finlay
Which two doctors proved Finlay’s theory?
Walter Reed and William Gorgas
What was Henry Ford’s first affordable car?
Model T
What was the process Henry Ford used to increase speed and cost of production?
assembly line
Who is the German who invented the blimp/zeppelin?
Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin
What is the blimp/Zeppelin also called?
dirigible
Who were known for the first successful aeroplane flights?
Orville and Wilbur Wright
What was the first commercial broadcasting news station?
KDKA
Which luxury British passenger liner, thought to be invincible, sank in the Atlantic Ocean?
Titanic
When did the Titanic sinketh?
April 15, 1912
Under whose leadership was Germany under for most of WWII?
Kaiser Wilhelm II
Whose assassination led to WWI’s beginning?
Archduke Francis Ferdinand
Where was Archduke Francis Ferdinand killed?
Sarajevo, Bosnia
When did WWI begin?
July 28, 1914
Who was in the Allied Powers?
England, France, and Russia (Italy joined later on)
Which countries were in the Central Powers?
Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy (Italy later left)
Who won the “Miracle on the Marne”?
France
Which side was Germany and Austria-Hungary in?
Central Powers
Which side was England, France and Russia on?
Allies
What were the deep ditches used in battle for cover against enemy gunfire?
trenches
What were the 600 mi. from the English Channel to the Swiss Alps called?
Western Front
Which battle is Henri Pétain known for commanding?
the Battle of Verdun
What was the nickname for the British soldiers?
tommies
Who replaced Kaiser Wilhelm II and became the supreme commanders of all the Central Power forces?
Paul von Hindenburg and Erich von Ludendorff
In what revolution did Russian soldiers force the czar to abdicate?
Russian Revolution
Who replaced the Russian czar?
Vladimir Lenin
What treaty withdrew Russia from WWI?
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Who was the British colonel who led Arab revolts against Turkish rule in the Arabian Peninsula?
T.E. Lawrence
What was the largest British offensive in the East?
Gallipoli Campaign
Who planned the Gallipoli Campaign?
Winston Churchill
Was the Gallipoli Campaign a success or fail?
failure✨
What was Germany’s new under the sea invention called?
U-boat (submarine)
Which British luxury passenger liner was one of the first ships to be sunk by a U-boat?
Lusitania
What was the most important naval battle of WWI?
Battle of Jutland
What were the pilots who shot down 5+ planes called?
aces
Who were the most famous WWI aces and where were they from?
Manfred von Richthofen (Germany) and Eddie Rickenbacker (American)
What was Manfred von Richthofen’s nickname and how many planes did he shoot down?
The “Red Baron”- 80 Allied planes
How many planes did Eddie Rickenbacker shoot down?
26 Central Power planes
What did the US intercept from Germany that proposed that Mexico would be given US territory should they invade us?
Zimmermann Note
Who was president during WWI?
Woodrow Wilson
In what year did the US Congress declare war on Germany?
1917
What were WWI Germany’s famous long-range guns called?
“Big Bertha”
Who led the AEF (American Expeditionary Forces) in France during the last German offensive?
John J. (“Blackjack”) Pershing
What were the nicknames for the WWI American soldiers?
“doughboys”
Who was the French Field Marshal who led the Allied armies into driving the Germans away in their last offensive?
Ferdinand Foch
What government replaced Wilhelm Kaiser II?
Weimar Republic
What day did WWI end?
November 11, 1918
What is November 11 now recognised as (holiday)?
Armistice Day/Veterans Day
What was Wilson’s program for “world peace” called?
the Fourteen Points
Which countries are the “Big Four”?
US, France, England, Italy
What was the chief resultant of the WWI peace conference?
Treaty of Versailles
What union was formed by the Big Four at Versailles?
League of Nations
What was ironic about the Treaty of Versailles and the League of Nations?
Wilson was the one who proposed them, but the US was the only one who didn’t sign and join the treaty/league
