Chapter 22: Normal Labor (skeleton) Flashcards

1
Q
Define and give types
Lie
Presentation
Attitude
Position
A

Lie

  • fetal long xis with respect to the birth canal/to that of the mother
  • transverse, oblique, longitudinal

Presentation

  • fetal body part either foremost within the birth canal or in close proximity to it
  • cephalic (face, sinciput, brow, occiput/vertex), breech, shoulder

Attitude

Position

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2
Q

fetal and maternal axes cross at 45deg angles, this lie is unstable

A

oblique

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3
Q

Presentation:

head is flexed sharply, the chin connects th thorax; occiput is the presenting part

A

vertex/occiput

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4
Q

vertex/occiput presentation

A

head is flexed sharply, the chin connects th thorax; occiput is the presenting part

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5
Q

Presentation:

fetal neck sharply extended, occiput and back come into contact

A

face presentation

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6
Q

face presentation

A

Presentation:

fetal neck sharply extended, occiput and back come into contact

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7
Q

Presentation:

neck partially extended

A

brow presentation

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8
Q

brow presentation

A

neck partially extended

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9
Q

Presentation:

neck partly flexed, anterior fontanel present

A

sinciput presentation

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10
Q

sinciput presentation

A

neck partly flexed, anterior fontanel present

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11
Q

Why does the fetus usually assume the vertex position

A

uterus is pyriform, the entire podalic pole (breech + extremities) of the fetus is bulkier and more mobile than the cephalic pole

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12
Q

Describe the characteristic fetal posture/attitude

A
  • folded upon itself - convex back
  • head is sharply flexed
  • chin in contact with chest
  • thighs flexed
  • legs bent at knees
  • arms across thorax or at sides
  • umbilical cord in the space between extremities
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13
Q
Determining point of each presentation:
vertex
breech
face
shoulder
A

vertex - occiput
breech - sacrum
face - mentum
shoulder - acromion

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14
Q

Leopold Maneuvers

A

1st: Fundal
- assess fetal lie
- breech: large nodular mass; head: hard, round, ballottable

2nd: Umbilical
- assess orientation
- fetal back vs small parts

3rd: Pelvic 2/Pawlik’s
- confirms presentation

4th: Pelvic 1
- degree of descent
- examiner faces mother’s feet

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15
Q

TRUE or FALSE

the fetus enters the pelvis more commonly in the ROT position

A

FALSE. LOT

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16
Q

This is the mechanism by which the BPD assess through the pelvic inlet

A

Engagement

17
Q

Greatest transverse diameter of the fetal head in an occiput presentation

A

BPD

18
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

the fetal head usually enters the pelvis either longitudinally or obliquely

A

FALSE

the fetal head usually enters the pelvis either TRANSVERSELY or obliquely

19
Q

Anterior asynclitism

A

Sagittal suture approaches the sacral promontory, more of the anterior parietal bone is present

20
Q

posterior asynclitism

A

Sagittal suture approaches the symphysis pubis, more of the posterior parietal bone is present

21
Q

Sagittal suture approaches the symphysis pubis, more of the posterior parietal bone is present

A

posterior asynclitism

22
Q

Sagittal suture approaches the sacral promontory, more of the anterior parietal bone is present

A

Anterior asynclitism