Chapter 22: Metabolism and Energy Balance Flashcards
What is leptin
A protein hormone that is synthesized in adipocytes. Acts as a negative feedback signal. Lacking leptin leads to obesity.
What is NPY
A brain neurotransmitter that seems to be the stimulus for food intake.
What increases hunger
Ghrelin
What decreases hunger
CCK and GLP-1
What are ways to estimate metabolic rate
ratio of CO2 to O2
Why do our bodies convert glucose to glycogen for storage
requires less water for hydration, more compact
Explain the push-pull effect
Without enzymes, there would be no net synthesis of the substrate. During the fed state, enzymes for glycogen breakdown are inhibited, so that glucose can be turned into glycogen.
What do beta cells secrete
insulin and amylin
How does insulin decrease plasma glucose
increases glucose transport in most insulin-sensitive cells, enhances cellular utilization and storage, enhances the utilization of amino acids, and promotes fat synthesis.
How are fats synthesized
Descrive amino acid catabolism
Describe lipolysis
