Chapter 22 Lymphatic System And Immunity Flashcards
Adaptive resistance includes
T cells and B cells
Innate resistance includes
Skin and mucous membrane, phagocytes, natural killer cells inflammation and fever
Where does the R lymphatic duct drain
Right upper quadrant or body only
Where does the thoracic duct drain
L upper quadrant of body and entire inferior to the ribs or diaphragm
The Axillary nodes drain lymph fro
Hands forearm and breast
What is the major groups of lymph nodes in the neck area
Cervical nodes
What is the major groups of lymph nodes in the upper part of the thigh
Inguinal nodes
Where are lymphocytes produced
Red bone marrow
Which type of lymphocytes mature in the thymus
T cells
What is the function of the spleen in an adult
Removal of damaged erythrocytes and platelets and storage of platelets
The first line of innate immunity includes
Epidermis and mucous membranes
The secondary line of the innate immunity defences include
Antimicrobial substances, natural killer cells, phagocytes, inflammation and fever
Four types of Antimicrobial substances
Interferons, complement, iron binding proteins, and Antimicrobial proteins
What do natural killer cells do
Bind to a target cell and cause the release of granules containing toxic substances from the cells
Phagocytes has two major types
Neutrophils and macrophages
Four signs of inflammation
Redness, swelling , heat and pain
What is a fever
An abnormally high body temperature
Which Antimicrobial substance is released by virus infected cells that prevents viral replication in other cells
Interferons
Which white blood cells are capable of engulfing microorganisms
Phagocytes
What are modified monocytes that move from circulation into tissues
Macrophages
What substances contributes to vasodilation
Histamine, kinins, leukotrienes
What is are antigens
A substance the recognized as foreign and provoke an immune response
Major histocompatibility complex antigens are self antigens on the surface of each of the body cells EXCEPT
Red blood cells
A cell mediated immune response begins with activation of a small number of
T cells by a specific antigen
Which cells participate in the immunological surveillance
Cytotoxic T cells, natural killer cells, macrophages
Antibody mediated immunity primarily affects antigens in blood and lymph
Right
Antibodies are glycoproteins and are also called
Immunoglobulin
During antibody mediated immune response immunoglobulins are produced by
Plasma cells
Within the five classes of antibodies which one can be found in secretion and breast milk
IgA
Within the five classes of antibodies which one involved in allergic and hypersensitivity reactions
IgE
What group of plasma proteins circulate in blood plasma and are part of innate resistance
Complement
Immunological memory makes immune responses
Quicker after the second or subsequent exposure to an antigen than after the first exposure
What is it called when B cells encounter antigens and produce antibodies against them
Active immunity
What is it called when the antibodies are obtained from a serum of an immune human or animal donor
Passive immunity
What kind of immunity is it that results from antibodies passing from mother to fetus via placenta
Naturally acquired passive immunity
Immunity that results from antibodies passing from mother to a baby via beast feeding is
Naturally acquired passive immunity
Immunity that results from injection of vaccine( dead or weekend pathogens)
Artificially acquired active immunity
Immunity that results from receiving immunoglobulins after exposure to hepatitis
Artificially acquired passive immunity
Immunity that result from bacterial and viral infection, contact with pathogen eg having had chickenpox during childhood
Naturally acquired active immunity
An autoimmune disease
Rheumatoid arthritis
Allergy
Is hypersensitivity to antigens
AIDS
Is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus mainly damage helper T cells
Fever is caused by a chemical called
Pyrogen
Edema is a condition where there is excessive fluid accumulated in the
Interstitial space
What compartments contain the highest fluid volume
Intercellular compartments
Peyer’s patches are aggregated lymphatic nodules (follicles)and they are located in the wall of the distal part of the
Small intestine
Eleven inactive enzymes circulating in plasma that are part of innate resistance are called
Complement
