Chapter 22: Fundamentals of IP Version 6

Question 1

What was a short-time solution to the IPv4 address exhaustion?

Answer 1

NAT/PAT

Question 2

If a router receivers an Ethernet frame that holds an IPv6 packet and then wants to rout the packet out a serial link. How does the router process this action?

Answer 2

The router discards the Ethernet data-link header and trailer of the received frame.

Question 3

What is the shortest valid abbreviation for FE80:0000:0000:0100:0000:0000:0000:0123?

Answer 3

FE80:0:0:100::123

Question 4

What is the shortest valid abbreviation for 2000:0300:0040:0005:6000:0700:0080:0009

Answer 4

2000:300:40:5:6000:700:80:9

Question 5

What is the unabbreviated version of IPv6 address 2001:DB8::200:28

Answer 5

2001:0DB8:0000:0000:0000:0000:0200:0028

Question 6

What is the prefix for address 2000:0000:0000:0005:6000:0700:0080:0009, assuming a mask of /64

Answer 6

2000:0:0:5::/64

Question 7

How long is an IPv6?

Answer 7

128bit

Question 8

How long are the Source and Destination Addresses in the IPv6 Header of a Packet?

Answer 8

Source Address: 16 Bytes

Destination Address: 16 Bytes

Question 9

How does the router makes an IPv6 routing decision?

Answer 9

By comparing the IPv6 packet’s destination address to the router’s IPv6 routing table; the matched route lists directions of where to send the IPv6 packet next.

Question 10

Name 4 IPv6 routing protocols?

Answer 10

• RIPng (Routing information protocol next generation)
• OSPFv3 (Open shortest path first version 3)
• EIGRPv6 (Enhanced interior gateway routing protocol version 6) (owned by Cisco)
• MP BGP-4 (Multi protocol boarder gateway protocol version 4)

Question 11

How do you abbreviate an IPv6?

Answer 11

Two basic rules let you, or any computer, shorten or abbreviate an IPv6 address:

1. Inside each quartet of four hex digits, remove the leading 0s (0s on the left side of the quartet) in the three positions on the left. (Note: at this step, a quartet of 0000 will leave a single 0.)
2. Find any string of two or more consecutive quartets of all hex 0s, and replace that set of quartets with a double colon (::). The :: means “two or more quartets of all 0s.” However, you can use :: only once in a single address because otherwise the exact IPv6 might not be clear.

Question 12

How to expand an abbreviated IPv6?

Answer 12

1. In each quartet, add leading 0s as needed until the quartet has four hex digits.
2. If a double colon (::) exists, count the quartets currently shown; the total should be less than 8. Replace the :: with multiple quartets of 0000 so that eight total quartets exist.

Question 13

How to find the prefix of an IPv6 Address?

Answer 13

As with IPv4, you can start with an IPv6 address and prefix length, and find the prefix, with the same general rules that you use in IPv4. If the prefix length is /P, use these rules:

1. Copy the first P bits.
2. Change the rest of the bits to 0.

Question 14

Find the prefix of 34BA:B:B:0:5555:0:6060:707/80

Answer 14

34BA:B:B:0:5555::/80

Question 15

Find the prefix of 3124::DEAD:CAFE:FF:FE00:1/80

Answer 15

3124:0:0:DEAD:CAFE::/80

Question 16

Find the prefix of 34BA:B:B:0:5555:0:6060:707/36

Answer 16

34BA:B::/36

Question 17

Find the prefix of 2BCD::FACE:1:BEFF:FEBE:CAFE/56

Answer 17

2BCD:0:0:FA00::/56