Chapter 2.2 Established Political Parties Flashcards
When was Conservativism formalised as a movement?
In the late 18th century after the French revolution
What was the Conservative movement made up of?
The gentry and aristocracy who feared the rise of liberalism in Europe and a violent revolution in England
Why was Liberalism a threat to the upper classes?
It centres on freedom of the individual and upper classes did not wish to lose power and influence in England, they wanted to conserve their power
Who was Edmund Burke?
One of the founders of conservatism and an 18th-century politician
What did Edmund Burke believe about change?
He believed that some change is necessary for a harmonious society.
E.g. after French Revolution more rights were given to the poor to prevent unrest and a violent revolution
What is the central aim of Conservatism?
Pragmatism
What is pragmatism?
A decision based on acceptance of reality and practical response
Which five common themes do Conservatives most identify with?
Human nature- inherently bad and evil
Tradition- important & must be respected
Hierarchical- natural order of society
Individualism- individual freedom from state intervention
Property- It is good for individuals to own land
Why do many people claim that the conservatives are the party of the rich and powerful?
The party was originally set up to preserve the power and influence of an elite
What characteristic do conservatives claim to be?
They claim to be paternalistic and argue that social stability and values are more important than money
E.g. did more to help the poor in Victorian times than the Liberal Party
What do all conservatives, present and past, adhere strictly to the idea of?
Change must only happen if necessary
