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World History Semester 2 > Chapter 22 > Flashcards

Chapter 22 Flashcards

0
Q

Taille

A

Annual direct tax (land or property) that provided regular source of income for french monarchy

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1
Q

Estate

A

One of 3 classes of french society (before the revolution)

  1. Clergy (privileged=no taxes)
  2. Nobles (privileged=no taxes)
  3. Townspeople (unprivileged=taxes)
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2
Q

Bourgeoisie

A

Middle class: merchants, industrialists, professionals

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3
Q

Sans-culottes

A

“Without breeches”
members of Paris commune who considered themselves ordinary patriots
(Long pants instead of knee length breeches of nobles)

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4
Q

Elector

A

Individual qualified to vote in an election

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5
Q

Coup d’état

A

Sudden overthrow of gov

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6
Q

Consulate

A

Gov established in France after overthrow of directory in 1799, Napoleon as first consul

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7
Q

Nationalism

A

Unique cultural identity of a people.

Based on common language, religion, and national symbols.

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8
Q

Conservatism

A

Political philosophy based on tradition and social stability.
Favored obedience to political authority and organized religion.

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9
Q

Principle of intervention

A

Idea that great powers have right to send armies into countries with revolutions to restore gov.

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10
Q

Liberalism

A

Political philosophy based on enlightenment principles. People free from gov and basic rights protected.

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11
Q

Old regime

A

Socio-political system that existed in most of Europe during the 18th century

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12
Q

Absolutism

A

Ruler holds total power.

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13
Q

Divine right of kings

A

Power given by God

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14
Q

What was Frances economy based on?

A

Agriculture

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15
Q

Poor harvests caused what?

A

Peasants to have trouble paying taxes.

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16
Q

What caused France to go bankrupt?

A

Wars
Funding of American revolution
Privileged classes wouldn’t submit to being taxed

17
Q

Deficit spending

A

Gov spends more money than it takes from tax revenues.

18
Q

Philosophes

A

Intellectuals, secular in thinking, reason and logic instead of faith, religion, and superstition.

19
Q

Long term causes

A

Underlying causes

Stem back many years

20
Q

Short term causes

A

Happen close to the moment the change happens.

21
Q

Long term causes of french revolution

A

Absolutism
Unjust socio-political system (old regime)
Poor harvests meant peasants couldn’t pay taxes
Enlightenment philosophes
System of mercantilism restricted trade
Other successful revolutions: England’s glorious rev, American rev

22
Q

Short term causes of French Revolution

A

Deficit spending
Famine
Estates general meeting (bankruptcy)

23
Q

Cahiers

A

Traditional lists of grievances written by the people.

24
Q

At the estates general meeting how many votes to each estate get?

A

1 but 3rd estate wanted it to be based on pop.

25
Q

Tennis court oath

A

3rd estate declared itself to be National Assembly

Louis xvi locked 3rd estate out of meeting

26
Q

What happened on June 23, 1789?

A

Louis relented.

3 estates meet together as National Assembly and vote by pop on constitution

27
Q

Paris commune

A

Gov organized by partisans during uprisings in Paris.

28
Q

Émigrés

A

Nobles that fled country

29
Q

Changes under National Assembly

A

Abolition of special privileges.
Constitution of 1791
Declaration of the rights of man
Equality before the law

30
Q

Declaration of the rights of man included?

A 
Freedom of: religion, speech, the press
Guaranteed property rights
"Liberty, equality, fraternity"
Right of people to create laws
Right to fair trial
31
Q

Declaration of rights of women included?

A

Inherit property

Divorce

32
Q

Girondists

A

Moderates

Rich middle class

33
Q

Jacobins

A

Workers

Radicals

34
Q

Reign of terror was headed by whom?

A

Committee of public safety

35
Q

Thermidorean reaction ended what?

A

Reign of terror

36
Q

What reforms did the convention pass?

A

Metric system
Ended slavery
Ended debt imprisonment

37
Q

What gov did Napoleon overthrow?

A

Directory

38
Q

Plebiscite

A

Popular vote done by ballot

39
Q

Waterloo

A

Battle where Napoleon was finally defeated.

World History Semester 2 (1 decks)

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