Chapter 22 Flashcards

1
Q

What is landscape ecology?

A

The field of study that considers the spatial arrangement of habitats at different scales and examines how they influence individuals, populations, communities, ecosystems.

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2
Q

What is a legacy effect?

A

A long-lasting influence of historical processes on the current ecology of an area.

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3
Q

What is local/alpha diversity?

A

The number of species in a relatively small area of homogenous habitat.

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4
Q

What is regional/gamma diversity?

A

The number of species in all of the habitats that comprise a large geographic area.

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5
Q

What is beta diversity?

A

The number of species that differ in occurence betwen two hbaitats.

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6
Q

What is a regional species pool?

A

The collection of species that occurs within a region.

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7
Q

What is species sorting?

A

The process of sorting species in the regional pool among localities according to their adaptations and interactions.

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8
Q

What is the species area curve and the equation that models its relationship?

A

A graphical relationship in which increases in area (A) are associated with increases in the number of species (S):
S = cA^z

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9
Q

How do you graph the species area curve linearly?

A

logS = Logc +zlogA

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10
Q

What are stepping stones?

A

Small intervening habitat patches that dispersing organisms can use to move between large favourable habitats.

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11
Q

What is the equilibrium theory of biogeography?

A

The number of species on an island reflects a balance between the colonization of new species and the extinction of existing species.

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12
Q

What is the trend in global diversity when moving north to south?

A

Increases

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13
Q

What is potential evapotranspiration?

A

The amount of water that could be evaporated from the soil and transpired by plants, given the average temperature and humidity.

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14
Q

What is the energy-diversity hypothesis?

A

Sites with higher amounts of energy are able to support more species.

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15
Q

What is the nearctic region?

A

Roughly corresponds to North America.

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16
Q

Where is the palearctic region?

A

Eurasia

17
Q

Where is the neotropical region?

A

South America

18
Q

Where is the afrotropical region?

A

Most of Africa

19
Q

Where is the Indomalayan region?

A

India and Southeast Asia

20
Q

Where is Australasian region?

A

Australia, New Zealand, New Guinea