Chapter 21: Non-fermenting And Miscellaneous Gram Negative Bacilli Flashcards
Non-fermenters
List some general characteristics of non-fermenters
Do not ferment sugars
Oxidize sugars (saccharolytic)
Gram-negative rods
Mostly oxidase positive
TSI are A/A (non-fermenter)
List some clinical infections associated with non-fermenters
Septicemia
Meningitis
Osteomyelitis
Wound infections
What are some risk factors for disease caused by non-fermentative gram-negative bacilli
Immunosuppression
Trauma
Foreign body implantation
Infused fluids
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Biochemicals of P. aeruginosa
Oxidase positive
Catalase positive
Oxidizes carbohydrates
Characteristics of P. aeruginosa
Fluorescent group
Grape like odor
Blue-green pigment
Clinical infections of P. aeruginosa
-Wound infections and burn patients
-Pulmonary infections
-Nosocomial UTIs and bacteremia’s
-endocarditis
-Ear infections
-Skin rashes (hot tub syndrome)
Virulence factors of P. aeruginosa
Toxins
Proteases
Hemolysin
Slime
Lecithinase
Elastase
Coagulase
DNase
ID characteristics of P. aeruginosa
Green sheen on blood agar (Pyocyanin) specific to P. aeruginosa
Arginine dihydrolase (ADH) positive
Grows at 42°C
Citrate positive
T/F are pseudomonas aeruginosa, very drug resistant, and what drug works best
True.
Aminoglycosides
P. fluorescens & putida
List some features of P. fluorescens and putida
Fluorescent group
Low virulence
Infections associated with P. fluorescens and putida
UTIs
Post surgical abscess
Septic arthritis
Empyema (the collection of pus in a cavity in the body, especially in the pleural cavity)
Wound infection
Acinetobacter spp.
Where can acinetobacter spp. be found?
In hospitals, particularly ventilators humidifiers & catheters
Clinical infections associated with Acinetobacter spp.
UTIs
Pneumonia
Endocarditis
Septicemia
Meningitis
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia ID characteristics
Catalase positive
Oxidase negative
DNase positive
Esculin positive
Lysine decarboxylase positive
Gelatin hydrolysis
Burkholderia cepacia is not a nosocomial pathogen, true or false
False
Burkholderia cepacia ID characteristics
Oxidase negative
Motile
Utilizes glucose maltose, lactose and mannitol
Lysine decarboxylase (LDC) positive
Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) positive
Arginine dihydrolase (ADH) negative
Which of the following is an exotoxin produced by pseudomonas aeruginosa
DNase
Which pigment produced by pseudomonas aeruginosa is water, soluble, and fluoresces on the short wave UV light
Pyoverdin
Which of the following sets of reactions distinguishes pseudomonas stutzeri from most other pseudomonas species are
Arginine dihydrolase negative and starch hydrolysis positive
Which best describes acinetobacter baumannii
Saccharolytic
Oxidase negative
Nonmotile
Stentrophomonas maltophilia is positive for this test
DNase
Other positive tests:
Catalase, Esculin, lysine, decarboxylase
Negative test: oxidase
Gelatin hydrolysis
Studies suggest that this plate is most effective in reducing overgrowth, while maintaining good recovery of Burkholderia cepacia
B. cepacia-selective agar (BCSA)
This test result indicates an isolate is most likely Oligella ureolytica rather than an Alcaligenes spp.
Positive phenylalanine deaminase (PDA)
Which is the best test differentiate between Brevundimonas vesicularis and B. diminuta
Esculin hydrolysis
Non-pigmented strains of chromobacterium violaceum have been confused with
Aeromonas
Which of the following best describes Ralstonia pickettii?
Slow grower that grows on MAC agar
