Chapter 21: Life Safety Systems in Buildings Flashcards
A combustion reaction that requires oxygen (air), heat, and a fuel.
Fire
The temperature at which a fire can start when a flame or spark begins the combustion reaction.
Piloted Ignition
Four stages in the progression of a fire.
- Ignition
- Flame Spread
- Flashover
- Consumption
This fire progression stage requires the proper blend of oxygen (air), heat, and fuel.
Ignition
The rapid crawling tongues of fire that lick across the surface of walls, ceilings, floors and supporting timbers.
Flame spread
When the mixture of gases and air reach critical proportions, the material ignites in a great ball of fire. This is called ________.
Flashover
The fire progression stage where the materials itself burns to ash.
Consumption
What group of fuel does wood, paper, plastics, trash, grass, and so on belong to?
Group A: Ordinary Combustibles
What group of fuel does gasoline, oil, grease, acetone, and so on belong to?
Group B: Flammable Liquids
What group of fuel does gasoline, oil, grease, acetone, and so on any electrical wiring, connection, equipment, and so on belong to?
Group C: Electrical Equipment
What group of fuel does potassium, sodium, aluminum, magnesium, and so on belong to?
Group D: Combustible Elements
A noncombustible material, yet it displays a significant loss in strength at high temperatures.
Steel
A material that is a good insulator, but when it is exposed to fire at temperatures as low as 300°F (150°C), it will burn until it is destroyed. In a fire, wood loses strength by charring.
Wood
Similar to brick in thermal performance, it loses strength gradually during exposure to high temperatures.
Concrete
These materials are relatively stable in a fire with good thermal performance.
Fire Clay Masonry
Give the category by combustibility by the description of the structure below:
Noncombustible wall, ceiling, and floor assemblies; concrete, masonry, and protected steel walls, floors, and structural framework. Roof covering is non-combustible.
Fire-resistive (Type I) construction
Give the category by combustibility by the description of the structure below:
Structure consists of large solid wood timbers.
Heavy-timber (Type IV) construction
Give the category by combustibility by the description of the structure below:
Interior framing and exterior walls are constructed of slender repetitive wood studs, joists, rafters, and trussers that burn very rapidly.
Wood-frame (Type V) construction
Give the category by combustibility by the description of the structure below:
Non-combustible masonry-bearing walls, but the floors, structural framework, and roof can be made of wood or another combustible material
Ordinary (Type III) construction
Give the category by combustibility by the description of the structure below:
Noncombustible steel or concrete walls, floors, and structural framework. Roof covering is combustible.
Noncombustible (Type II) construction
Protection in buildings that involves constructing walls, floors, ceilings, beams, columns, and shaft enclosures so they can resist, control, and contain the damaging effects of a fire.
Passive Fire Protection
These are typically made out of steel or solid wood construction and are installed with specially tested components including closers, latching hardware, and fire-rated glass lites.
Fire doors
It contains flames and inflammable gas for a short period of time, but does not prevent the transmission of heat to the other side of the glazing
Fire-resistant heat-transmitting glass
It contains flames and inflammable gas for a longer period of time and prevents not only the transmission of flames and smoke but also of heat to the other side of glazing.
Fire-resistant insulating glass
It automatically close to obstruct smoke and fire from a building blaze.
Fire dampers
It describes the surface-burning characteristics of a building material.
Flame-spread rating (FSR)
Class A or I has a good resistance to flame spread. It has a flame-spread rating of ______.
0-25
Class B or II has a fair resistance to flame spread and has a flame-spread rating of _____.
26-75
Class C or III has a poor resistance to flame spread with a flame-spread rating of ______.
76-200
Protection systems that include standpipe, sprinkler, and spray systems designed to extinguish the fire outright or control the fire by delaying its damaging effects.
Active fire protection
