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chapter 21 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the angle for IM, sq and intradermal injections?

A

90, 45, 15

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2
Q

what is the maximum amount of medication administered at deltoid?

A

1 ml

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3
Q

medications that cannot be crushed, broken or dissolved in water?

A

enteric coated, time release or extended release

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4
Q

what would you do if you cannot crush an enteric coated medication?

A

all physician and get an order for another route

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5
Q

what is the first thing you do when there is a discrepancy between the medication ordered and the medication in the drawer?

A

hold the medication and check the order

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6
Q

medication absorbed by the skin is called?

A

transdermal

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7
Q

what should you do when you sew blood during aspiration?

A

remove needle and prepare another injection

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8
Q

how do you administer medication in the ear of child under 3 years old?

A

pull pinna back and down

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9
Q

how do you instill ear medication for a child 3 and up?

A

up and back

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10
Q

how do you administer nose drops?

A
  • supine with head tilted backwards
  • hold dropper above nostrils- do not touch the nostrils being treated
  • instruct patient not to blow nose for 5 minutes after drop insertion
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11
Q

contraindication for PO route?

A
  • coma
  • difficulty swallowing
  • vomiting
  • absence of gag reflex
  • NPO
  • Decreased GI motility
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12
Q

The IM site that has the highest risk for injury?

A

Dorsogluteal site

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13
Q

how do you draw medication from an ampule?

A

use a filtered needle

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14
Q

how do you administer medications in the eye?

A
  • ask patient to look up and lower conjunctival sac, apply pressure on the innate canthus for 1-2 minutes
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15
Q

what is the purpose of cold applications?

A

constrict blood vessels
decrease edema
numbs pain

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16
Q

how do you pour liquid medications?

A

label against palm— to prevent soiling of the label

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17
Q

abbreviation for - p.c, h.s, q hr, b.i.d, t.i.d, a.c, pen, ad lib - as desired

A

???

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18
Q

need length for an morbidly obese patient for IM

A

longer than 1 1/2 inches

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19
Q

what is the purpose of Z track injection?

A

minimize pain and prevent staining of tissues

20
Q

medications administered through rectum are called?

A

suppository

21
Q

gauge for sq injection?

A

30

22
Q

five rights of medication administration?

A 
right client
right drug
right dose
right time 
right route
23
Q

actions performed by the nurse before giving medications?

A 
check over for accuracy
read label 3 times
wash hands
check expiration date
5 rights
24
Q

what does routine medications mean

A

administered on a regular basis until d/ed

25
Q

what is a stat order?

A

give immediately

26
Q

what is a standing order and give an example?

A

written for special circumstances.

Increased BS

27
Q

what should you do when administering oral medications?

A

crush medications if not contraindicated, stay with the client until medication is swallowed

28
Q

what does MAR stands for?

A

?

29
Q

true or false- medication orders are transcribed from physician order from onto the MAR

A

?

30
Q

true or false- the prescription label should match the drug listed on the MAR

A

?

31
Q

what are the uses of MAR?

A
  • To document all routinely administered medications
  • Document PRN medications and their effectiveness
  • Document medications not given and the reason
  • Document sites of injections administered by nurse
32
Q

where do you document medication errors?

A

on a medication error report form

33
Q

explain controlled substances-in terms of abuse potential, locking system, counting, and wasting-

A

High potential for abuse
Kept in a double locking system
Each controlled drug when used is entered in a log book
Count before you remove a controlled substance
Counted at the end of every shift- by the incoming nurse and outgoing nurse
If count is incorrect- identify issue before anyone leaves the facility
When wasting- nurse must have a witness
Counted even if it is not given

34
Q

How do you check placement of an NG tube?

A

aspirating gastric contents and checking PH.

35
Q

what would you do if a patient refuses a medication?

A

patient has the right.

36
Q

where do you place buccal medication?

A

between upper molar teeth and cheeks.

37
Q

before administering enteral tube feedings, a nurse should?

A
  • verify presence of bowel sounds
  • check placement
  • elevate HOB 30 degrees during and 30-45 minutes after feeding
  • Flush the tube before and after with 30-50 ml
38
Q

what are the signs of infiltration?

A 
coolness to touch
pallor
pain
edema- loosen tape at once 
- drip flow may decrease
39
Q

what are the signs of phlebitis

A

erythema
warmth
edema
pain/discomfort

40
Q

what is the first thing you do in case of infiltration

A

discontinue immediately and choose another site

41
Q

what are the 3 label checks?

A

A. when taking the container rom the drawer
B. Before/ when removing the dose or before you take it to the patients room
C. Before/when replacing the container back
other checks

42
Q

What is the acceptable time to administer a medication?

A

30 minutes before or after the scheduled time

43
Q

what is the position for PO administration?

A

90 degree angle

44
Q

Medication label is checked against what, in the 3 label checks?

A

MAR

45
Q

How do you apply an ointment?

A

ask patient to look upwards
squeeze ointment into the lower conjunctival sac-from inner to outer canthus
Instruct patient to close eyes gently and to move the eyes with lid shut- to spread the medication

46
Q

what are the signs of anaphylactic shock?

A

respiratory distress- restlessness, dyspnea, wheezing and cyanosis. From bronchospasms
skin reactions - pruritus (itching) or urticarial (hives)
Circulatory collapse- BP down Pulse Up (weak and thready) or vertigo
GI symtoms- nausea, vomiting and diarrhea

47
Q

a juice of which fruit can interfere with the metabolism of certain medications?

A

grapefruit

chapter 21 (1 decks)

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