Chapter 21

Question 1

What does Philip II rule?

Answer 1

Spain

Question 2

How does Philip develop Spain’s wealth?

Answer 2

By seizing Portugal and getting gold and silver from the americas

Question 3

What religion does Philip defend

Answer 3

Catholic

Question 4

What is Absolutism

Answer 4

the theory that rulers want to be absolute monarchs and have complete power

Question 5

What is diivine right monarchy

Answer 5

the idea that monarchs represent god on earth, based on the Bible

Question 6

Why does the Spanish empire fall?

Answer 6

Weakens due to taxes and inflation
Spain goes bankrupt due to weak economy and buying goods abroad
Dutch revolt and win independence

Question 7

Why do the Dutch prosper

Answer 7

Religious toleration , art , and trade

Question 8

Who are 2 Dutch artists

Answer 8

Rembrandt and Vermeer

Question 9

Who is Henry of Navarre

Answer 9

appointed by Louis XIII, French Calvinist that ascends to the French throne and converts to Catholicism ending religious wars

Question 10

What is the edict of Nantes

Answer 10

Declaration of religious toleration

Question 11

Who is Cardinal Richelieu

Answer 11

minister of France, increases power of Bourbons, limits Huguenots freedom, weakens power of nobility

Question 12

What is skepticism

Answer 12

the idea that nothing can be known for certain

Question 13

Who is Montaigne

Answer 13

Famous man who explores ideas about life’s meaning

Question 14

Who is descartes

Answer 14

Some dude who uses observation and reason to create new philosophy

Question 15

Who is Louis XIV

Answer 15

Louis XIV rules France, —most powerful monarch of this time

• Takes control of government
• Limits nobility
• His palace is at Versailles
• Versailles is the center of art during his reign, and its purpose is to glorify Louis XIV

Question 16

Who is Jean Baptiste

Answer 16

finance minister, helps economy grow, mercantilism believer

Question 17

What was the first war during Louis rule that he was involved in?

Answer 17

Louis attempts to expand France’s boundaries
Countries unite against him in the league of Augsburg
France is weakened

Question 18

What was the second wwar during Louis rule that he was involved in?

Answer 18

Louis attempts to prevent the union of the French and Spanish throne
France and Spain both lose possessions due to this war

Question 19

How did Louis rule effect France?

Answer 19

It made it a major military and cultural power in Europe

Question 20

What were some reasons that caused the 30 years war

Answer 20

• rising tension between lutherans and catholic s
• Protestant revolt
• conflicts over land religion and power

Question 21

What did the Peace of Westphalia do?

Answer 21

Ends war ( 30 years war)
Weakens Hapsburg, strengthens France
Introduces the idea of negotiating peace and sovereignty