Chapter 21

Question 1

temperature

Answer 1

a measure of the average value of the kinetic energy of the particles in a material

Question 2

thermal pollution

Answer 2

increase in temperature of a natural body of water; caused by adding warmer water

Question 3

conduction

Answer 3

transfer of thermal energy by direct contact; occurs when energy is transferred by collision between particles

Question 4

radiation

Answer 4

transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves

Question 5

thermal energy

Answer 5

the sum of the kinetic and potential energy of the particles in a material

Question 6

heat

Answer 6

thermal energy transferred from a warmer object to a cooler object

Question 7

conductor

Answer 7

material in which electrons can move easily

Question 8

convection

Answer 8

transfer of thermal energy by the movement of particles from one place to another in a gas or liquid

Question 9

specific heat

Answer 9

amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of a substance by 1°C

Question 10

heat engine

Answer 10

device that converts thermal energy into mechanical energy

Question 11

internal combustion engine

Answer 11

heat engine in which fuel is burned in a combustion chamber inside the engine