Chapter 21-22 Flashcards
what did philosophers do during the 15th and 16th centuries?
they expanded their thoughts
When were the enlightenment and revolutions?
Europe and world/Time 1550-1800
Advancements in astronomy, and medical knowledge led to what?
Chemitry
What is the Heliocentric
sun is the center of the universe
this law explains why the planetary bodies continue their elliptical orbits about the sun
The universal law of gravitation (Newton)
Robert Boyle was the first scientists to do what with chemistry?
control experiments
What did Galileo discover with his telescope?
Mountains on the moon and Jupiter having 4 moons.
Newton law said
objects in the universe is attracted every other object by a force called gravity
rationalism
system of thought based on the belief that reason is the chief source of knowledge
scientific method
a systematic procedure for collecting and analyzing evidence.
Inductive reasoning
proceeding from the particular to the general
ideas of the enlightenment
move toward a better society
enlightenment ideas moved to a ______
revolution
separation of powers
checks and balances
Denis Diderot created the first
encyclopedia
Adam Smith wrote which supported Laisse Faire
Wealth of Nations
women were inferior to men because
men dominate women
literacy improved due to
more people reading
magazines and newspapers developed for
middle and lower class
cularism
religion does not play a role in government, education, or other parts of society.
enlightenment thinkers thought that
people should self-rule
philosophies
believe in natural rights of all people
Frederick II of Prussia granted
limited freedom of speech and press
Joseph II abolished ____ and _______.
Death penalty and serfdom
was broke out and raged in Europe between _____
monarchs
the seven-year war is also known as what
French and Indian War
The French and Indian war ended with the
Treaty of Paris
British leaders wanted to TAX the american colonies due to
the seven-year war
Thomas Paine wrote what
common sense
the first continental congress met in
Philadelphia in September 1775
July 4th 1776 made what
The declaration of independence
the first 10 amendments granted
freedom of religion, speech, press, petition, and assembly
France had a 3 tier social class composed of
First Estate was made up of clergy
The second estate consisted of the nobility
The third estate consisted of the bourgeoisie craft people, merchants, and peasants.
Peasants made up ____% of the third estate
75
who owned most of the land
the first and second estates
Marie Antoinette was the Queen of France and known for her
Extravagant lifestyle
the third estate drafted a constitution and swore an oath called the
Tennis court Oath
The declaration of rights of man and citizen
similar to English bill of rights/ and declaration of independence
legislative assembly was in charge of
passing laws
France invaded Australia because
Australia threatens to restore France to full power
King Louis XVI established what government system
directory governemtn
Robespierre started the
reign of terror
The reign of terror ended with
Robespierre’s execution
Napoleon invaded where in summer of 1812
Russia
Napoleon made a mistake in invading Rusia because
It was winter in Russia and Napoleon didn’t have proper clothes
Napoleon was sent to live
in exile
the congress of Vienna
peace conference of European powers.
