Chapter 21 Flashcards
Francisco Pizzaro
Conquered the Inca empire in Peru between 1532 and 1533
Hernán Cortés
Conquered the Aztecs in Mexico between 1519 and 1521
Lima
Inca capital near the coast, founded in 1535
Who came to the New world after the Spanish and Portuguese?
French, English, Dutch
Mestizo
A racially mixed society with Portuguese and Spanish
Europeans first contacted _ when arriving in America
Taino people in the Caribbean
What was the primary contributing factor in the creation of an ethnically mixed society in the Iberian colonies of the New World?
The vast majority of the colonists who came from the Iberian peninsula were males.
Where was the richest deposit of silver mined in South America by the Spanish?
Potosi, present-day Bolivia
Amount of Spanish centers of global colonial administration
2
Mexico (aka New Spain)
Peru (aka New Castile)
Which countries established a colony in the North America
Netherlands - New Amsterdam 1623, (in 1664 was absorbed by English and named New York)
Britain - Jamestown 1607, Massachusetts Bay Colony 1630
France - Nova Scotia and Quebec 1608
mita system
Used by the Spanish (originally used by Incas)
Main requirement imposed upon indigenous people to mine in the silver mines in Polosi
Silver mining mostly where?
Zaceteas and Polosi
tenochtitlan
renamed Mexico City
encomienda
used by the Spanish to organize indigenous workforces.
What commodity was of primary importance to the economy of Portuguese Brazil?
Sugar
Indentured servants from Europe
Facing a shortage of enslaved indigenous labor, plantation owners in North America
includes
-Chronically unemployed
-orphans
-criminals
many were vulnerable to disease
