Chapter 20: Safe Medication Preparation

Question 1

caplet

Answer 1

shaped like a capsule and coated for ease of swallowing

Question 2

capsule

Answer 2

medication encased in a gelatin shell

Question 3

tablet

Answer 3

powdered medication compressed into a hard disk or cylinder. contains binders, disintegrators, lubricants, and fillers.

Question 4

enteric coated

Answer 4

coated tablet that does not dissolve in stomach; coating dissolves in intestine where medication is absorbed

Question 5

Elixir

Answer 5

clear fluid containing water and alcohol; often sweetened

Question 6

Extract

Answer 6

concentrated medication form made by removing the active part of the medication from its components. Extracts are prepared as a syrup or dried form of pharmacologically active medication, usually made by evaporating solution

Question 7

aqueous solution

Answer 7

substance dissolved in water and syrups

Question 8

aqueous suspension

Answer 8

finely dissolved drug particles in liquid medium must be shaken; when eft standing, particles settle to the bottom of container

Question 9

syrup

Answer 9

medication dissolved in concentrated sugar solutionq

Question 10

tincture

Answer 10

alcohol extract from plant or vegetable

Question 11

troche (lozenge)

Answer 11

flat, round tablet that dissolves in mouth to release medication; not meant for ingestion

Question 12

Aerosol

Answer 12

aqueous medication sprayed and absorbed in mouth and upper airway; not meant for ingestion

Question 13

sustained release

Answer 13

tablet or capsule that contains small particles of a medication coated with material that requires a varying amount of time to dissolve

Question 14

ointment (salve or cream)

Answer 14

semisolid, externally applied preparation, usually containing one or more medications

Question 15

liniment

Answer 15

usually contains alcohol, oil, or soapy emollient applied to skin

Question 16

paste

Answer 16

medical preparation that is thicker than ointment; absorbed through skin more slowly than ointment; often used for skin protection

Question 17

transdermal patch or disk

Answer 17

medicated disk or patch embedded with medication that is applied to skin; drug absorbed through skin over a designated period of time.

Question 18

solution

Answer 18

sterile preparation that contains water/normal saline with one or more dissolved compounds

Question 19

powder

Answer 19

sterile particles of medication that are dissolved in a sterile liquid before administration

Question 20

suppository

Answer 20

solid dosage form mixed wit gelatin and shaped in form of a pellet for insertion into body cavity (rectum or vagina)
suppository melts when it reaches body temperature and is then absorbed

Question 21

intraocular disk

Answer 21

small, flexible oval (like a contact lens) consisting of two soft outer layers and a middle layer with medication; slowly releases medication when moistened by ocular fluid

Question 22

Angioedema

Answer 22

acute, painless, dermal, subcutaneous or submucosal swelling involving the face, neck, lips, larynx, hands, feet or genitalia

Question 23

Eczema

Answer 23

small, raised vesicles that are usually reddened; often distributed over the entire body

Question 24

Pruritus

Answer 24

Itching of skin; accompanies most rashes

Question 25

Rhinitis

Answer 25

inflammation of mucous membranes lining the nose, causing swelling and clear watery discharge

Question 26

Urticaria (hives)

Answer 26

raised, irregular shaped skin eruptions with varying sizes and shapes; eruptions have reddened margins and pale centers

Question 27

wheezing

Answer 27

constriction of smooth muscle surrounding bronchioles that decreases diameter of airways; occurs primarily on expiration because of severely narrowed airways; development of edema in pharynx and larynx further obstruct airflow