Chapter 20:Physiology of the Female Pelvis

Question 1

Progesterone levels increase in the:

a) secretory phase
b) follicular phase
c) ovulatory phase
d) menstrual phase

Answer 1

a: progesterone levels increase in the endometrial secretory phase and the ovarian luteal phase

Question 2

Which of the following endometrial phases demonstrates the thinnest dimension?

a) early menstrual
b) early secretory
c) late proliferation
d) early proliferation

Answer 2

d: During the early proliferation or late menstrual phases, the endometrial lining is thin, typically measuring 2-3mm

Question 3

Which of the following hormones reflects the activity of the ovaries?

a) estradiol
b) progesterone
c) luteinizing hormone
d) follicle-stimulating hormone

Answer 3

a: Estradiol levels reflect the activity of the ovaries. Luteinizing hormone reflects ovulation. Progesterone levels increase after ovulation. Follicular stimulation hormone initiates follicular growth.

Question 4

An asymptomatic postmenopausal patient displays a 30cm simple ovarian cyst. This finding is considered:

a) rare
b) benign
c) emergent
d) malignant

Answer 4

b: Postmenopausal patients may display simple ovarian cysts. Simple cysts <5.0cm are most likely benign.

Question 5

If fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum will:

a) decrease in size and estrogen levels will increase
b) increase in size and estrogen levels will decrease
c) increase in size and progesterone levels will increase
d) decrease in size and progesterone levels decrease

Answer 5

d: If fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum will regress, and progesterone levels will decrease. When anticipating fertilization, the corpus luteum may increase in size and may secrete some estrogen and an increasing amount of progesterone.