Chapter 20 - Key Vocabs Flashcards
Computed Tomography (CT)
Diagnostic x-ray procedure that produces a cross-sectional image of a specific body segment
Contrast studies
Radiopaque materials are injected to obtain contrast with surrounding tissue when shown on x-ray film.
Gamma camera
Machine to detect gamma rays emitted from radio pharmaceuticals
Gamma rays
High-energy rays emitted by radioactive substances in tracer studies
Half-life
Time required for a radioactive substance to lose half its radioactivity by disintegration
Interventional radiology
Therapeutic or diagnostic procedures performed by a radiologist.
In vitro
Process, test, or procedure performed, measured or observed outside a living organism. Ex: Test tube.
In vivo
Process, test, or procedure is preformed, measured, or observed within a living organism
Ionization
Transformation of electrically neutral substances into electrically charged particles
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Use of magnetic filed and radio waves to produce sagittal, coronal, and axial images of the body
Nuclear medicine
Medical speciality that studies uses of radioactive substances in diagnosis of disease
Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
Use of positron-emitting radioactive substances given intravenously to create a cross-sectional image of cellular metabolism
Radioimmunoassay
Test that combines radioactive chemicals and antibodies to detect minute quantities of substances in a patient’s blood
Radioisotope
Radioactive form of an element; radionuclide
DICOM (!!!)
- Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine - is the international standard for medical image and related information.
- It defines the formats and protocols for medical images that can be exchanged with the data and quality necessary for clinical use.
Radiolabeled compound
Radiopharmaceutical; used in nuclear medicine studies.
Radiology
Medical specialty concerned with the study of x-rays and their use in diagnosis of disease
Radiolucent
Permitting the passage of x-rays
Radionuclide
Radioactive form of an element; radioisotope
Radiopaque (!!!)
Obstructing the passage of x-rays
Radiopharmaceutical (!!!)
Radioactive drug used for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes
Scan
Image of an area, organ, or tissue of the body obtained from ultrasound, radioactive tracer studies, CT, or MRI
Scintigraphy (!!!)
Diagnostic nuclear medicine test using radiopharmaceuticals and gamma cameras to create images
Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)
Radioactive tracer is injected intravenously and a computer reconstructs a 3D-image based on a composite of many views
Tagging
Attaching a radionuclide to a chemical and following its path in the body
Tracer studies
Use of radionuclide tags attached to chemicals and followed as they travel through the body
Ultrasonography (US, U/S)
Diagnostic technique that projects and retrieves high-frequency sound waves as they echo off body parts
Ultrasound transducer
Handheld device that sends and receives ultrasound signals
Uptake
Rate of absorption of a radionuclide into an organ or tissue
Ventilation-perfusion studies
Ventilation and perfusion of a radiopharmaceutical followed by imaging its assuage through the respiratory tract
