Chapter 20: From Business Culture to Great Depression: The Twenties, 1920-1932

Question 1

Sacco and Vanzetti

Answer 1

Two Italian anarchists who were convicted and executed for a robbery and murder in Massachusetts, despite evidence suggesting their innocence.

Question 2

Alice Paul

Answer 2

Women’s suffrage activist who proposed the Equal Rights Amendment.

Question 3

William Howard Taft

Answer 3

Chief Justice of the Supreme Court who declared the Adkins v. Children’s Hospital decision, which struck down a minimum wage for women in Washington D.C.

Question 4

Albert B. Fall

Answer 4

Secretary of the Interior who was involved in the Teapot Dome scandal, leasing federal oil reserves to private companies in exchange for bribes.

Question 5

Charles Schenck

Answer 5

A socialist who was convicted under the Espionage Act of 1917 for distributing pamphlets urging men to resist the draft.

Question 6

John T. Scopes

Answer 6

A Tennessee high school teacher who was put on trial for violating a state law prohibiting the teaching of evolution.

Question 7

Sacco - Vanzetti case

Answer 7

A controversial criminal case in which two Italian anarchists were convicted and executed for a robbery and murder, despite doubts about their guilt and allegations of anti-immigrant bias.

Question 8

Equal Rights Amendment

Answer 8

A proposed amendment to the U.S. Constitution that would have guaranteed equal rights under the law for men and women.

Question 9

Adkins v. Children’s Hospital

Answer 9

A Supreme Court case in which the court struck down a minimum wage for women in the District of Columbia.

Question 10

Teapot Dome

Answer 10

A scandal during the Harding administration in which Secretary of the Interior Albert B. Fall leased federal oil reserves to private companies in exchange for bribes.

Question 11

McNary-Haugen bill

Answer 11

Proposed legislation in the 1920s that aimed to help farmers by stabilizing crop prices and reducing surpluses through government purchases.

Question 12

American Civil Liberties Union

Answer 12

An organization founded in 1920 to defend individual rights and freedoms, particularly in cases involving freedom of speech, freedom of the press, and due

Question 13

Reconstruction Finance Corporation

Answer 13

A federal agency established in 1932 to provide loans to banks, railroads, and other businesses in an effort to stimulate economic activity.

Question 14

Smoot-Hawley Tariff

Answer 14

A high protective tariff passed by Congress in 1930 that contributed to a decline in international trade.

Question 15

tock market crash

Answer 15

The sudden and dramatic decline in the value of stocks that began on October 24, 1929, and marked the beginning of the Great Depression.

Question 16

Great Depression

Answer 16

A severe worldwide economic depression that lasted from 1929 to 1939.

Question 17

Harlem Renaissance

Answer 17

A cultural movement among African Americans in Harlem, New York, during the 1920s and 1930s that produced a flowering of literature, music, and art.

Question 18

New Negro

Answer 18

A term coined during the Harlem Renaissance to describe African Americans who rejected stereotypes and embraced their cultural heritage.

Question 19

Fundamentalism

Answer 19

A religious movement that emphasized the literal interpretation of the Bible and rejected modernist ideas.

Question 20

Flappers

Answer 20

Young women in the 1920s who challenged traditional gender roles by wearing short skirts, bobbing their hair, and engaging in activities such as smoking and drinking.

Question 21

illegal alien

Answer 21

A foreign national who enters a country without authorization or who overstays a visa.