Chapter 20- Biotechnology

Question 1

In DNA technology, the term vector can refer to
A. The enzyme that cuts DNA into restriction fragements.
B. The sticky end of a DNA fragment.
C. A SNP marker
D. A plasmid used to transfer DNA into a living cell.

Answer 1

D. A plasmid used to transfer DNA into a living cell

Question 2

Which of the following tools of technology is incorrectly with its use?
A. Electrophoresis- separation of DNA fragments
B. DNA ligase-cutting DNA, creating sticky ends of restriction fragments.
C. DNA polymerase- polymerase chain reaction to amplify sections of DNA
D. Reverse transcriptase- production of cDNA from mRNA

Answer 2

B. DNA ligament- cutting DNA, creating sticky ends of restriction fragments

Question 3

Plants are more readily manipulated by genetic engineering than are animals because
A. Plant genes do not contain introns.
B. More vectors are available for transferring recombinant DNA into plant cells.
C. A somatic plant cell can often give rise to a complete plant.
D. Plant cells have larger nuclei

Answer 3

C. A somatic plant cell can often give rise to a complete plant

Question 4

A paleontologist has recovered a bit of tissue from the 400-year-old preserved skin of an extinct dodo. To compare a specific region of the DNA  from a sample with DNA from living birds, which of the following would be the most useful for increasing the amount of dodo DNA available for testing?
A. SNP analysis 
B. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
C. Electroporation 
D. Gel electrophoresis

Answer 4

B. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

Question 5

DNA technology has many medicinal applications. Which of the following is not done routinely at present?
A. Production of hormones for treating diabetes and dwarfism
B. Productions of microbes that can metabolize toxins
C. Introduction of genetically engineered genes into human gametes
D. Prenatal identification of genetic disease alleles.

Answer 5

C. Introduction of genetically engineered genes into human gametes

Question 6

Which of the following would not be of cDNA produced using human brain tissue as the starting material?
A. It could be amplified by the polymerase chain reaction.
B. It was produced from pre-mRNA using reverse transcriptase
C. It could be labeled and used as a probe to detect genes expressed in the brain.
D. It lacks the introns of the pre-mRNA

Answer 6

B. It was produced from pre-mRNA using reverse transcriptase.

Question 7

Expression of a cloned eukaryotic gene in a bacterial cell involves many challenges. The use of my m-RNA and reverse transcriptase is part of a strategy to solve the problem of
A. Post-transcriptional processing. 
B. Post-translational processing. 
C. Nucleic acid hybridization. 
D. Restriction fragment ligation.

Answer 7

A. Post-transcriptional processing.

Question 8

Which of the following sequences in double-stranded DNA is most likely to be recognized as a cutting site for a restriction enzyme?
A. AAGG C. ACCA
TTCC TGGT
B. GGCC D. AAAA
CCGG TTTT

Answer 8

B. GGCC

CCGG