Chapter 20- Atlantic Slave Trade

Question 1

Factories

Answer 1

European trading fortresses and compounds with resident merchants; utilized throughout Portuguese trading empire to assure secure landing places and commerce

Question 2

El Mina

Answer 2

Most important of early Portuguese trading factories in forest zone of Africa

Question 3

Mvemba, Nzinga

Answer 3

King of Kongo south of Zaire River from 1507 to 1543; converted to Christianity and took title Alfonso I; under Portuguese influence attempted to Christianize all of kingdom

Question 4

Luanda

Answer 4

Portuguese factory established in 1520s south of Kongo; became basis for Portuguese colony of Angola

Question 5

Royal African Company

Answer 5

Chartered in 1660s to establish a monopoly over the slave trade among British merchants; supplied African slaves to colonies in Barbados, Jamaica, and Virginia

Question 6

Indies piece

Answer 6

Term used within the complex exchange system established by the Spanish for African trade; referred to the value of an adult male slave

Question 7

Triangular trade

Answer 7

Commerce linking Africa, the New World colonies, and Europe; slaves carried to America for sugar and tobacco transported to Europe

Question 8

Asante empire

Answer 8

Established in Gold Coast among Alan people settled around Kumasi; dominated by Oyoko clan; many clans linked under Osei Tutu after 1650

Question 9

Asantehene

Answer 9

Title taken by ruler of Asante empire; supreme civil and religious leader; authority symbolized by golden stool

Question 10

Tutu, Osei

Answer 10

Member of Oyoko clan of Alan people’s in Gold Coast region of Africa; responsible for creating unified Asante Empire in 1701; utilized Western firearms

Question 11

Dahomey

Answer 11

Kingdom developed among Fon or Aja peoples in 17th century; center at Abomey 70 miles from coast; under King Agaja expanded to control coastline and port of Whydah by 1727; accepted western firearms and goods in return for African slaves

Question 12

Luis

Answer 12

Nilotic people who migrated from Upper Nile valley; established dynasty among existing Bantu population in lake region of central Eastern Africa; center at Bunyoro

Question 13

Fulani

Answer 13

Pastoral people of western Sudan; adopted purifying Sufi variant of Islam; under Usuman Dan Fodio in 1804, launched revolt against Hausa kingdoms; established state centered on Sokoto

Question 14

Great Treck

Answer 14

Movement of Boer settlers inCape colony of Southern Africa to escape influence of British colonial government in 1834; led to settlement of regions north of Orange River and Natal

Question 15

mfecane

Answer 15

Wars of 19th century in Southern Africa; created by Zulu expansion under Shaka; revolutionized political organization of Southern Africa

Question 16

Swazi

Answer 16

New African state formed on mod l of Zulu chiefdom; survived mcefane

Question 17

Lesotho

Answer 17

Southern African state that survived mfecane; not based on Zulu model; less emphasis on military organization, less authoritarian government

Question 18

Saltwater slaves

Answer 18

Slaves transported from Africa; almost invariably black

Question 19

Creole slaves

Answer 19

American-born descendants of saltwater slaves; result from sexual exploitation of slave women of process of miscegenation

Question 20

obeah

Answer 20

African religious ideas and practices in the English and French Caribbean islands

Question 21

candomblé

Answer 21

African religious ideas and practices in Brazil, particularly among the Yoruba people

Question 22

vodun

Answer 22

African religious ideas and practices among descendants of African slaves in Haiti

Question 23

Palmares

Answer 23

Kingdom of runaway slaves with a population of 8000 to 10000 people; located in Brazil during the 17th century; leadership was Angolan

Question 24

Suriname

Answer 24

Formerly a Dutch plantation colony on the coast of South America; located of runaway slave kingdom in the 18th century; able to retain independence despite attempts to crush guerrilla resistance

Question 25

Wilberforce, William

Answer 25

British statesman and reformer; leader of abolitionist movement in English parliament that led to end of English slave trade in 1807