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HGTC BIO 102 > Chapter 20 > Flashcards

Chapter 20 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

True or false: Viruses only have can only have DNA

A

False, they can have RNA

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2
Q

What two parts do all viruses at least have?

A

Capsid and core

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3
Q

Naked viruses are?

A

Viruses that do not have a cell envelope

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4
Q

Obligate intercellular parasites that cannot multiply outside a living cell

A

Virus

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5
Q

True or False: Viruses are host specific.

A

True

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6
Q

Viruses that parasitize bacteria

A

Bacteriophages

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7
Q

5 steps of the lytic cycle (in order)

A

Attachment, penetration, biosynthesis, maturation, and release

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8
Q

Which life cycle of bacteria doesn’t destroy the bacteria?

A

Lysogenic

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9
Q

What enzyme do retroviruses use?

A

Reverse transcriptase

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10
Q

What is an example of an emerging virus?

A

HIV

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11
Q

Naked strands of RNA

A

Viroids

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12
Q

Bacteria and archaea are __________.

A

Prokaryotes

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13
Q

Prokaryotes cell walls are composed of ____________.

A

Peptidoglycan

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14
Q

What do prokaryotes use flagella for?

A

Movement

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15
Q

What are fimbriae used for in prokaryotes?

A

Attachment

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16
Q

A dense area in prokaryotes where the chromosome is located.

A

Nucleiod

17
Q

Accessory rings of DNA found in some prokaryotes.

A

Plasmids

18
Q

Splitting of a parent cell into two daughter cells ; asexual reproduction

A

Binary fission

19
Q

In bacteria, genetic recombination can occur in three ways.

A

Conjugation
Transformation
Transduction

20
Q

When bacterium pass DNA to a second bacterium through a pili

A

Conjugation

21
Q

When bacteria takes up free pieces of DNA secreted by live bacteria

A

Transformation

22
Q

When bacteriophages transfer portions of bacterial DNA from one cell to another

A

Transduction

23
Q

Unable to grow in the presence of O2

A

Obligate anaerobes

24
Q

Use light energy to assemble the organic molecules they require

A

Photoautotrophs

25
Q

Make organic molecules by using energy derived from the oxidation of inorganic compounds in the environment

A

Chemoautotrophs

26
Q

Take in pre-formed organic nutrients

A

Chemoheterotrophs

27
Q

When one population modifies the environment In such a way that a second population benefits

A

Commensalism

28
Q

Both population benefit

A

Mutualitistic

29
Q

Only one of the populations benefit. Ex: pathogens

A

Parasitic

30
Q

A symbiotic relationship where the Cyanobacteria provide organic nutrients to the fungus and the fungus protects and supplies inorganic nutrients

A

Lichens

HGTC BIO 102 (5 decks)

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