Chapter 20, 22, 25- Semester Final Flashcards
Mass media
Newspapers, magazines, and other methods of communication to a mass audience
Yellow journalism
The exaggerated style of newspaper reporting during the late 1800’s
USS Maine
A battleship that mysteriously sunk in Havana Harbor, sparking American resentment toward Spain
Armistice
A cessation of hostilities (to stop fighting)
Resolution
A formal statement by a government about a course of action
Rough Riders
A volunteer cavalry regiment recruited by Teddy Roosevelt to fight in Cuba in the Spanish-American War- made up of cowboys and college athletes
San Juan Hill
The key battle in Cuba during the Spanish-American War, Teddy Roosevelt and the Rough Riders were given credit for the victory
Protocol
A first draft of a treaty to be submitted for ratification
Anti-Imperialist League
An organization formed during the Spanish-American War to oppose the establishment if U.S. colonies
Platt Amendment
Provisions in the Cuban Constitution added as a condition for the withdrawal of U.S. troops in 1902, allowing the USA to intervene in Cuban affairs and to buy or lease land for naval bases
Yellow Kid
Popular cartoon in the New York Journal and World-exaggerated stories
The Journal
New York paper published by William Randolph Hearst, first had yellow kid-rival to “The World”
The World
New York paper published by Joseph Pulitzer, rival to “The Journal”-copied the yellow kid
Treaty of Paris
Ended war-Spanish agreed to…
- Independence to Cuba
- Ceded Puerto Rico and the Pacific island of Guam to the U.S.
- Ceded Philippines to U.S. for $20 million
Jose Marti
A Cuban poet and journalist who was exiled because of his revolutionary ideas. Was killed in combat-considered revolutionist and a political martyr
General Valeriano Weyler
Forced thousands of Cubans into reconcentration camps-mean and ruthless Spanish general
Enrique Dupley de Lome
Spanish Ambassador that sent a letter to President McKinley saying he is weak
Grover Cleveland
President who followed strict neutrality
William Randolph Hearst
Wealthy American, owner of “New York Journal”-encouraged his reporters to use “yellow journalism”
William McKinley
President at the time of the Spanish-American War-called “weak” in De Lome letter
Reasons for going to war with Spain
Yellow journalism, sugar investments in Cuba, the de Lome letter, the sinking of the USS Maine, and Spain’s refusal to give Cuba independence were some…
Sugar War
Another name for the war used because many American investors had invested in sugar in Cuba and was one of the caused to go to war
Most American deaths were caused by…
Malaria and yellow fever
How long was the Spanish-American War?
Four months
Spanish-American War did what to our foreign policy?
It was the first time we got involved in foreign affairs and set the stage for getting involved in future foreign affairs
Henry Cabot Lodge
Lead “reservationists” against signing of the Treaty of Versailles
Franz Ferdinand
Archduke of Austria-Hungry who was murdered to spark WWI
Woodrow Wilson
American President who came up with the Fourteen Points and started the League of Nations
Unrestricted submarine warfare
Attack anything that’s floating, even if it is not a war ship. Germans did this, one of the reasons the US joined the war
Propaganda
Info or rumors spread to promote a set of ideas
Central Powers
Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire
Allied Powers
Great Britain, France, Russia, and later the US
Gavrilo Princip
Assassinated Franz Ferdinand
What were the MAIN causes of WWI?
Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism
Stalemate
The act of being in a deadlock or to have no advantage-no one is winning
U-boat
German submarine
RMS Lusitania
Unarmed British passenger ship that was sunk by German u-boat and caused USA to join war
Sussex Pledge
German promise during WWI to give warnings ahead if time about submarine attacks and spare lives and crew
Preparedness Movement
Led by President Teddy Roosevelt calling for the US government to train and be ready for war
Zimmerman Note
Telegram from Germany foreign minister Arthur Zimmerman to Mexico-said to attack USA to keep us out of the war and when Germany won the war in Europe, they would come help defeat us (angered Americans)
Arthur Zimmerman
Foreign minister of Germany who sent the Zimmerman Note
Neutrality
Not taking either side of a conflict
Fourteen Points
Wilson’s “blueprint for peace”
Weapons of WWI…
Trench warfare, tanks, long range artillery, planes, automatic weapons-machine guns
*due to these weapons WWI had most deaths and casualties of it’s time
League of Nations
World wide organization created after WWI to achieve peace and security
Big Four
Leaders of the largest Allied nations which were the USA, Great Britain, France, and Italy
Reservationists
Republican senators who said “maybe if changes were made” to the treaty
Irreconcilables
Republican senators who said “absolutely not” to the treaty
Internationalists
Democratic senators that said “yes!” to the treaty
Partisanship
Rivalry between political parties based on political principles
Reparations
Payment demanded of the winner of the war to be payed by the loser
Trench warfare
The war strategy of hiding in trenches-caused WWI to last longer
War guilt clause
Clause added to the Treaty of Versailles to make Germany accept blame for starting the war and pay war damages
Treaty of Versailles
Peace treaty ending WWI and blaming Germany
Imperialism
Empire building-expanding your boundaries worldwide
Theodore Roosevelt
US president who was the Assistant Secretary of the Navy during the Spanish-American War and helped from the Rough Riders-started “preparedness movement”
