Chapter 20 Flashcards
A Frenchman who believed that “all men are brothers,” founded the Red Cross
Jean Henri Dunant
Was established to promote trade and peace among the countries in the Western Hemisphere
Pan-American Union
Established the Nobel Peace Prize to recognize men and women whose accomplishments furthered the cause of peace
Alfred Nobel
A philanthropist and an American steel manufacturer. Donated funds to build the peace palace.
Andrew Carnegie
Caused many people to desire war so that they could prove their superiority over other nations
Chauvanism
The system of alliances Bismarck created
Bismarck’s System
The first alliance that Bismarck established which included Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Russia
Three Emperors’ League
Consisted of Germany and Austria-Hungary, soon became the foundation of German foreign policy.
Dual Alliance
Consisted of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy together in an anti-French coalition
Triple Alliance
Bismarck negotiation with Russia known as
Reinsurance Treaty
Became a kaiser(emperor) of Germany, he was proud, arrogant who resented the domination of Bismarck in German affairs, forced Bismarck to resign
Wilhelm II
Britain and France put aside their differences and came to a “friendly understanding” in what is called
Entente Cordiale
An Entente consist between Britain, France, Russia
Triple Entente
The Balkans were called what
Powder Keg of Europe
the heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary was assassinated while visiting Saravejo
Francis Ferdinand
A list of demands with threats
Timatum
What countries did the central power consist of
Germany and Austria-Hungary
What countries did the Allies consist of
Russia, Serbia, France
The German generals decided to put most of their forces in the west and attack France first what was the name of this plan
Schlieffen Plan
Defeated the Russians, captured more than 200,000 prisoners and began to push the demoralized Russian troops back towards Russia
General von Hindenburg
long, slender airships similar to modern blimps
Zeppelins
He shot down eight allies planes during the war was called the Red Baron
Baron Manfred von Ricthofen
Germany counted on this to destroy ships of both Allied and neutral nations
U-boats
Abdicated on March 15, 1917.
Nicholas II
The treaty where they effectively took Russia out of the war and gave Lenin time to consolidate his power
The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
The one who lead 250,000 troops to Germany
John J. (Black Jack) Pershing
Who had just been named Commander-In-Chief of the Allied armies in France
Ferdinand Foch
A temporary cessation of fighting
Armistice
Thirty-two nations met to negotiate the peace settlement for World War I
Paris Peace Conference
U.S president
Woodrow Wilson
French Premier
Georges Clemenceau
British Prime Minister
David Lloyd George
Italian Prime Minister
Vittorio Orlando
Wilson had advocated a moderate settlement where a country should not seek revenge upon the defeated power
Fourteen Points
Payment for war damages
Reparation
No armies could be in that area
Demilitarized
Placed the entire blame on Germany and it’s allies for causing the war
War guilt cause
Austria turned over territory to Italy and recognized the independence of Czechoslovakia
Treaty of St. Germain
Political Unification
Anschluss
Dismantled the Ottoman Empire
Treaty of Sevres
Territories under the control of the League of Nations
Mandates
Realizing Germany’s financial problem, formed a committee in 1924 to find a solution
Charles Dawes
Devised another plan that reduced the amount of reparations and gave Germany until 1988 to complete its payments
Owen Young
Suspension of all reparation payments
Moratorium
