Chapter 2: Wine Faults Flashcards
What is 2,4,6 - Trichloroanisole (TCA)?
A musty, moldy odor occasionally found in wine.Wines showing this aroma are referred to as being corked or having cork taint.
What causes TCA?
TCA is caused by a mold that can grow on and in the bark of the cork tree, on wine implements, or even in the winery itself.
What odors are caused by sulfur?
Sulfur dioxide - SO2
Hydrogen sulfide - H2S
Mercaptan
What are the signs of sulfur dioxide?
Acrid smell, similar to that of a burnt match. May also cause a burning sensation in the throat and nose.
What are the signs of hydrogen sulfide?
Odor of rotten eggs. Most often caused by extended exposure to yeast sediment. Also side effect of screw cap closure due to lack of oxygen.
What are the signs of Mercaptan?
Odor of garlic or onions. Caused by the combination of sulfur and ethyl alcohol. Mercaptan is the odor added to natural gas.
What bacteria can survive in wine?
Lactic bacteria and acetobacter.
What are the signs of excessive acetic acid?
The odor of vinegar.
What are the signs of Butyric acid?
Rancid butter or spoiled cheese.
What are the signs of lactic acid?
A smell of sauerkraut or goat.
What are the signs of ethyl acetate?
The odor of fingernail polish remover or airplane glue. Formed through a reaction of ethyl alcohol and acetic acid.
What causes a geranium leaves odor?
Incomplete malolactic fermentation or a breakdown of sorbic acid.
What is Brett (Brettanomyces)?
Member of the yeast family. Causes a “sweaty” or “horsy” odor. Also described as “Band-Aid-like” or “medicinal”.
What causes a “green” leafy odor?
Usually caused by underripe grapes.
What are the signs of an oxidized wine?
Oxidation will cause the formation of acetaldehyde, which causes a nutty, caramelized character. Unintentional oxidation will result in lack of fruit character and browning.
