Chapter 2 Vocabulary Flashcards
Administrative Law
The body of law that governs the administrative parts of the government.
Bylaws
Usually municipal laws, that have to do with small local things; how your house must look, where you can park, etc.
Civil/Private Law
Law that governs interactions between private individuals, individuals and organizations, or between organizations.
Constitutional Law
Law that is written in the constitution, and supersedes all other laws.
Contract Law
The branch of civil law that provides rules regarding agreements between people and businesses.
Criminal Law
Law that governs crimes and suggests punishments for those that break them.
Diplomatic Immunity
Often provided to foreign diplomats, this gives them full immunity under the law. They cannot be prosecuted or sued. The only punishment that can be given is that they can be expelled from the country.
Distinguishing a Case
When there is no precedent for a crime, a judge may Distinguish the Case, and so decide the punishment for themselves.
Domestic Law
The law that governs the affairs within a country.
Employment Law
The branch of civil law that governs relationships between employers and employees.
International Law
Law that exists across the world between countries. This is generally established by the UN.
Jurisdiction
The political or legal authority to pass and enforce laws, as well as the judicial authority to decide a case.
Procedural Law
Law that prescribes the methods of enforcing the rights and obligations of substantive law.
Property Law
The branch of civil law that governs property and ownership rights.
Public Law
Law to do with the relationship between individuals and the government.
Statute Law
Law passed by elected representatives in the form of Acts.
Substantive Law
Written law that defines rights and duties in both criminal and civil law. For criminal law, this includes crimes and punishments, and for civil law, rights and responsibilities.
Tort Law
Law that governs civil wrongs that cause someone to unfairly suffer loss or harm, resulting in legal liability for the person who committed the tortious act.
