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AP government > Chapter 2 Vocab > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Population Density

A

A measurement of the number of people per given unit of land

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2
Q

Arithmetic Population Density

A

A population of a country or region expressed as an average per unit

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3
Q

Physiological Population Density

A

The number of people per unit area of arable land

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4
Q

Population Distribution

A

Description of locations on the Earth’s surface where populations live

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5
Q

Dot Map

A

Maps where one dot represents a certain number of phenomenon, such as a population

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6
Q

Megalopolis

A

Term used to describe large coalescing super cities that are forming in diverse parts of the world

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7
Q

Census

A

A periodic and official count of a country’s population

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8
Q

TFR

A

The average number of children born to a women during her childbearing years

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9
Q

Old-age dependency ratio

A

The number of people 65 years of age for every 100 people between the ages 15-64

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10
Q

Child-dependency ratio

A

The number of people between the ages of 0-14 for every 100 people between the ages 15-64

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11
Q

Doubling time

A

The time required for a population to double in size

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12
Q

Population Explosion

A

The rapid growth of the worlds human population during the past century, attended by ever-shorter doubling times and accelerating rates of increase

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13
Q

Zero Population Growth

A

A state in which a population is maintained at a constant level because the number of deaths is exactly offset by the number of births

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14
Q

Crude Birth Rate

A

The number of live births yearly per thousand people in a population

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15
Q

Crude death rate

A

The number of deaths yearly per 1000 people in a population

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16
Q

Natural increase

A

Population growth measured as the excess of live births over deaths. Does not reflect emigrant it immigrant movements

17
Q

Demographic Transition

A

Multistage model of changes in population growth exhibited by countries undergoing industrialization

18
Q

Stationary population level

A

The level at which a national population ceases to grow

19
Q

Population composition

A

Structure of a population in terms of age, sex, and other properties such as marital status and education

20
Q

Population pyramids

A

Visual representations of the age and sex composition of a population whereby the percentage of each age group is represented by a horizontal bar. The length represents its relationships to the total population.

21
Q

IMR

A

A figure that describes the number of babies that die within the first year of their lives within a given population

22
Q

Child mortality rate

A

A figure that describes the number of children that die between the first and fifth years of their lives in a given population

23
Q

Life expectancy

A

A figure indicating how long, on average, a person may be expected to live

24
Q

Infectious diseases

A

Diseases that are spread by bacteria, viruses, or parasites. They diffuse directly or indirectly from human to human

25
Q

Chronic or degenerative diseases

A

Generally long-lasting afflictions now more common bc of higher life expectancies

26
Q

Genetic or inherited diseases

A

Diseases caused by variation or mutation of a gene or group or genes in humans

27
Q

Endemic

A

A disease that is particular to a locality or region

28
Q

Epidemic

A

Regional outbreak of a disease

29
Q

Pandemic

A

An outbreak of a disease that spreads worldwide

30
Q

Malaria

A

A vectored disease spread by mosquitos that carry the malaria parasite in their saliva and which kills about 150,000 children in the global periphery each month

31
Q

AIDS

A

Immune system disease caused by HIV, which over a period of years weakens the capacity of the immune system to fight off infection so that weight loss and weakness set in and other infections such as cancer or pneumonia may hasten an infected persons demise

32
Q

Expansive population policies

A

Government policies that encourage large families and raise the rate of population growth

33
Q

Eugenic population policies

A

Government policies designed to favor one racial sector over others

34
Q

Restrictive population policies

A

Government policies designed to reduce the rate of natural population increase

35
Q

One-child policy

A

A program established by the Chinese government in 1979 to slow population growth in China

AP government (2 decks)

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