Chapter 2 Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

an advanced state of human society, in which a high level of government, social structure, religion, technology, and agriculture practices have been reached

A

Civilizations

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2
Q

a cultural region centered around southern Mexico in which a number of early American civilizations developed

A

Mesoamerica

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3
Q

the belief in or worship of more than one god

A

Polytheistic

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4
Q

a self-governing region consisting of a city and its surrounding territory

A

City-state

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5
Q

the science that deals with the material universe beyond the earth’s atmosphere

A

Astronomy

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6
Q

designating or pertaining to a pictographic script, particularly that of the ancient Egyptians, in which many of the symbols are conventionalized, recognizable pictures of the things represented

A

Hieroglyphics

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7
Q

a table or register with the days of each month and week in a year

A

Calendars

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8
Q

a group of countries or region controlled by one ruler

A

Empire

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9
Q

a land area having a relatively level surface considerably raised above adjoining land on at least one side, and often cut by deep canyons

A

Plateaus

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10
Q

to preserve a body by embalming it and wrapping it in cloth

A

Mummified

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11
Q

the male sovereign or supreme ruler of an empire

A

Emperor

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12
Q

the only Inca

A

Sapa Inca

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13
Q

usually had more than one family in it, but they lived and worked together

A

Ayllus

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14
Q

a flat, level area carved into a slope

A

Terraces

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15
Q

farming on mountains carved into terraces

A

Terrace Farming

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16
Q

a human-made channel across land that move its water source to where it’s needed for growing crops

A

Irrigation canals

17
Q

a vehicle consisting of a chair or bed carried on two poles by people or animals

A

litter

18
Q

a channel or canal made for moving water across land

A

aqueduct

19
Q

a great city built on an island in the lake

A

Tenochtitlan

20
Q

was the 9th and last true emperor of the ancient Aztec civilization

A

Montezuma II

21
Q

floating gardens

A

chinampas

22
Q

clay bricks

A

adobe

23
Q

a raised roadway across a swamp or body of water

A

causeway

24
Q

a widespread outbreak of a contagious disease

A

epidemic

25
Q

planting one crop, harvesting it, and then immediately plant another one

A

multiple-cropping

26
Q

planting multiple types of crops

A

intercropping

27
Q

a fence, commonly made of wooden poles standing on the end, that surround s a settlement to protect it from attack

A

palisade

28
Q

a wide, water-filled ditch built to surround a settlement or building to protect it from attack

A

moat

29
Q

a high cliff, often overlooking a river

A

bluff

30
Q

large flat-topped mounds

A

earthen mounds

31
Q

a system or organization in which people or groups are ranked according to status or authority

A

hierarchy

32
Q

an offering or payment to a leader or ruler

A

tribute