Chapter 2 vocab

Question 1

covalent bond

Answer 1

a type of strong chemical bond in which two atoms share one or more pairs of valence electrons

Question 2

hydrogen bond

Answer 2

a type of weak chemical bond that is formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalant bond in one molecule is attached to the slightly negitive atom of a polar covalent bond in another molecule or in another region of the same molecule.

Question 3

hydroxide ion

Answer 3

a water molecule that has lost a proton; OH-

Question 4

ionic bond

Answer 4

A chemical bond resulting from the attraction between oppositely charged ions.

Question 5

ph

Answer 5

a measure of hydrogen ion concentration equal to -log [H+] and ranging in value from 0 to 14

Question 6

specific heat

Answer 6

The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree celcius

Question 7

surface tension

Answer 7

A measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid

Question 8

isotope

Answer 8

One of several atomic forms of an element, each with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons, thus differing in atomic mass.

Question 9

adhesion

Answer 9

The clinging of one substance to another

Question 10

atomic number

Answer 10

the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, unique for each element.

Question 11

buffer

Answer 11

a solution that contains a weak acid and its corresponding base. It minimizes changes in pH when acids or bases are added to the solution.

Question 12

cohesion

Answer 12

the linking together of like molecules, often by hydrogen bonds

Question 13

hydrogen ion

Answer 13

a single proton with a charge of 1+

Question 14

mass number

Answer 14

the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom’s nucleus

Question 15

neutron

Answer 15

A subatomic particle that has no charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom