Chapter 2: The TCP/IP & OSI Networking Models Flashcards
(30 cards)
Data Encapsulation
The process of adding headers and sometimes trailers around some data for transport.
List the OSI Model Layers in Order (7 - 1)
Application Presentation Session Transport Network Data Link Physical
List the Original TCP/IP Model Layers in Order (4 - 1)
Application
Transport
Internetwork
Network Access
List the Updated TCP/IP Model Layers In Order (5 - 1)
Application Transport Internetwork Data Link Physical
OSI Layer 7 - Name & Function
APPLICATION
~Provides an interface between communications software and any applications that need to communicate outside the computer on which the application resides.
~Defines processes for user authentication
OSI Layer 6 - Name & Function
PRESENTATION
~To define & negotiate data formats such as ASCII & EBCDIC text, binary, BCD, & JPEG.
~Provides Encryption Services as well.
OSI Layer 5 - Name & Function
SESSION
~Establishes & maintains end-to end bidirectional flows b/w endpoints.
~Includes managing transactions flows.
OSI Layer 4 - Name & Function
TRANSPORT
~Provides a variety of services b/w two host computers, including
~Connection Establishments & Termination
~Flow Control
~Error Recovery
~Segmentation of large data blocks into smaller parts for transmission
OSI Layer 3 - Name & Function
NETWORK
~Logical Addressing
~Routing
~Path Determination
OSI Layer 2 - Name & Function
DATA LINK
~Formats data into frames appropriate for transmission into some physical medium.
~Defines rules for when the medium can be used.
~Defines means in which to recognize transmission errors.
OSI Layer 1 - Name & Function
PHYSICAL
~Defines electrical, optical, cabling & procedural details required for transmitting bits, represented as some form of energy passing over a physical medium.
Adjacent Layer Interaction
The concept of how two networking model layers, on the same computer, work together.
Same-Layer Interaction
When a particular layer on one computer wants to communicate with the same layer on another computer.
Decapsulation
On a computer that receives data over the network, the process in which the device interprets the lower layer headers & when finished w/ each header, removes the header, reveals the next higher level PDU.
Frame
The term for headers, possible trailers, and the encapsulated data at the Network Access Layer.
*OSI Model Refers to a Frame as a L2PDU.
Networking Model
Refers to a comprehensive set of documents. Individually, each document describes one small function required for a network; collectively, these documents define everything that should happen for a computer network to work.
*Some documents define a protocol, others define some physical requirements for networking.
Protocol
A set of logical rules that devices must follow to communicate.
Packet
The term for headers & the encapsulated data at the Internet Layer.
*OSI Model Refers to a Packet as a L3PDU.
Segment
The term for headers & the encapsulated data at the Transport Layer.
*OSI Model Refers to a Segment as a L4PDU.
PDU
Protocol Data Unit
- OSI Model term that represents the bits that include the headers, trailers & encapsulated data for that particular layer.
- TCP/IP refer to PDU’s as Segments, Packets, & Frames
Example Protocols for: Application, Presentation, & Session Layers (5-7)
Telnet, HTTP, FTP, SMTP, POP3, VoIP, SNMP
Example Protocols for: Transport Layer (4)
TCP & UDP
Example Protocols for: Network Layer (3)
IP
Example Protocols for: Data Link Layer (2)
Ethernet (IEEE 802.3), HDLC, Frame Relay, PPP
