Chapter 2 The Sounds: Phonetics Vocabulary Flashcards
Phonetics
The study and classification of speech sounds.
Sound Inventory
The pool of sounds which speakers use to construct the words of their language.
International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)
An international alphabet used by linguists to accurately represent the wide variety of sounds (phones or phonemes) in human speech.
Received Pronunciation (RP)
The accent traditionally regarded as the standard and most prestigious form of spoken British English
General American
The standard reference accent of North American English
Frequency
The number of cycles on a periodic waveform with a repeating pattern. The higher the number of cycles per second, the higher the frequency and perceived pitch.
Vocal Tract
The entire passage above the larynx.
Articulators
The parts of the vocal apparatus which are involved in speech production.
Passive Articulators
Articulators that cannot change their position.
Active Articulators
Articulators that can change their position.
Place of Articulation
It is a point where a constriction is made between an active and a passive articulator.
Bilabial Sounds
Sounds involving both lips.
Alveolar
Sounds involving an obstruction at the alveolar ridge.
Labio-dentals
Sounds involving only the lower lip and additionally the upper-teeth.
Dental
Sounds produced with the tongue immediately behind the upper front teeth or even protruding between upper and lower front teeth. (sometimes called the inter-dental)
Palato-alveolar
Sounds with the constriction between the hard palate and the alveolar ridge.
Palatal
Sounds where the tongue is raised toward the hard palate.
Velar
Sounds made from an obstruction at the velum.
Glottal
Sounds made from an obstruction at the glottal.
Manner of Articulation
The various production methods of consonants.
Stops
Sounds where airflow is completely stopped.
Plosives
Sounds with a burst of air at the moment of release, which sounds like a small explosion.
Fricatives
Sounds made with the lower lips and the upper front teeth coming very close together, leaving only a narrow passage through which air can escape resulting in an audible friction.
Affricates
Sounds that combine two different manners of production.
