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Clinical Parasitology Lec - Prelim > Chapter 2 - The Nematodes > Flashcards

Chapter 2 - The Nematodes Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three basic morphologic forms of Nematodes?

A

Eggs
Larva
Adult worms

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2
Q

What are the 2 Nematode life cycle that tissue is become involved which serve as the primary residence of the organisms?

A

Trichinella spiralis and Dracunculus medenensis

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3
Q

What are the 6 species that claim under the intestinal species? ( ETANAS)

A
  1. Enterobius vermicularis
  2. Trichuris trichiura
  3. Ascaris lumbricoides
  4. Necator americanus
  5. Ancylostoma duodenale
  6. Strongloides stercoralis
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4
Q

What are the 2 species that claim under intestinal-tissue species ? ( TD)

A

Trichuris trichiura & Dracunculus medenensis

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5
Q

The egg is consist of a developing larva surrounded by conspicuous doubled-layered, thick - walled colorless shell.

A

Enterobius vermicularis

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6
Q

What is the specimen choice for recovery E. vermicularis?

A

Cellophane tape preparation

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7
Q

What is the infective stage of E. vermicularis ?

A

Embryonated eggs

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8
Q

What is the diagnostic stage of E. vermicularis?

A

Eggs in the perianal

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9
Q

What is the mode of transmission of E. vermicularis ?

A

Embryonated eggs ingested by humans

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10
Q

The average barrel- shaped ( also considered by some to be football-shaped) ,the undeveloped unicellular embryo is surrounded by a smooth shell that retains a yellow-brown color from it’s contact with host bile.

A

Trichuris trichiura

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11
Q

What is the specimen of choice for the recovery of T. trichiura eggs?

A

Stool

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12
Q

What is the infective stage of T. trichiura?

A

Embryonated eggs

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13
Q

What is the diagnostic stage of T. trichiura

A

Unembryonated egg in feces

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14
Q

What is the mode of transmission of T. trichiura?

A

Ingestion of embryonated eggs thru soil or contaminated food or hands

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15
Q

A thin shell protects the inner amorphous mass of protoplasm and the egg is usually corticated.

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

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16
Q

This is the sandwich in between the embryo and mammilated albuminous material.

A

Corticated

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17
Q

Eggs lacking an outer mammilated, albuminous coating refered to as _________ fertilized egg.

A

Decorticated

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18
Q

This worm is the largest known intestinal nematodes.

A

Ascaris adult worm

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19
Q

What is the infective stage of A. lumbricoides?

A

Embryonated eggs

20
Q

What is the diagnostic stage of A. lumbricoides?

A

Unfertilized & Fertilized egg

21
Q

What is the mode of transmission of A. lumbricoides?

A

Ingestion of embryonated eggs thru soil contaminated ,food and hands

22
Q

What is the specimen of choice for the recovery of A. lumbricoides egg?

A

Stool

23
Q

This has a thin smooth colorless shell and ranges in length from 60 to 75 um.

A

Necator americanus

24
Q

This has also have a thin shell with smooth colorless shell and measures up to 55 to 60 um.

A

Ancylostoma duodenale

25
Q

What is the average measurements of immature newly hatched hookworm rhabditiform larva?

A

15 by 270 micrometer

26
Q

What is the measurements of 5 days old hookworm rhabditiform larva?

A

540 to 700 um

27
Q

This morphologic forms is characterized by the presence of a long oral cavity known as ______________

A

Buccal cavity or buccal capsule

28
Q

What is the diagnostic stage of hookworm?

A

Egg cells and larva

29
Q

This a precursor structure to a reproductive system consisting of a clump of cells in an ovoid formation.

A

Small genital primordium

30
Q

What is the infective stage of hookworm filariform larva ?

A

Third stage filariform larvae

31
Q

What is the diagnostic stage of filariform larvae of hookworm?

A

Eggs in feces

32
Q

What is the buccal capsule characteristics of N. americanus

A

Pair of cutting plates

33
Q

What is the buccal capsule characteristics of A. duodenale?

A

Contains actual teeth

34
Q

The eggs of both organisms are similar in that when present,the two-four, or eight-cell stage of embryonic cleavage is surrounded by a thin hyaline shell.

A

Strongloides stercoralis

35
Q

These larvae settle by coiling up in muscle fibers and becoming encysted and its fully developed larva may reach up to a length of 1 mm.

A

Trichinella spiralis

36
Q

What is the diagnostic stage of T. spiralis?

A

Encysted larvae

37
Q

What is the infective stage of T. spiralis ?

A

Infection is initiated after consuming undercooked contaminated meat , primarily striated muscle.

38
Q

The tail makes up about one third of the body length and culminates in a point.

A

Dracunculus medenensis

39
Q

It has a peanut shaped eggs with striated shells and flattened bipolar plugs and it measures 36 to 45 micrometer by 20 micrometer.

A

Capillaria philippinensis

40
Q

What is the infective stage of C. philippinensis?

A

When embryonated eggs are eaten by small freshwater fish

41
Q

What is the diagnostic stage of C. philippinensis?

A

Unembryonated eggs in feces

42
Q

What is the mode of transmission of C. philippinensis?

A

When human ingest these raw or undercooked infective fish

43
Q

It has a thin-shelled , colorless and measure up to 75-95 um in length by 40-50 um in the width.

A

Trichostrongylus spp.

44
Q

What is the infective stage of T. spp?

A

3rd stage larvae

45
Q

What is the diagnostic stage of T. spp?

A

Eggs in feces

46
Q

What is the mode of transmission of T. spp?

A

Skin penetration

47
Q

What is the method of choice for the recovery of encysted larvae?

A

Examination of affected skeletal muscles

Clinical Parasitology Lec - Prelim (2 decks)

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